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SMALL-SCALE INVESTIGATION 3, (Another similarity was that in a context,…

- - - - They might consider their own generation to be adults too, don't you think?
        
        I think they are rather young-adults than adults.
      - Interesting results!
    - - fair enough
- - - - I see. If you ask me, I don't think expanding the spectrum would be a good idea in this case. However, examining the degree of familiarity and contact with Transylvania Hungarian is indeed relevant. May I suggest that you ask your participants about where exactly they live within Hungary? It would be very interesting to see if the distance from the Romanian border plays a role. (Máté)
      - Thank you for the advice! (ME)
      - I agree. Open-ended questions will give them full freedom to guess, and seeing what will they come up with would be very interesting. (ME)
      - I ended up with some interesting results. For example, the word pityóka is very well-known as a word that distinguishes Transylvania speakers from Hungary speakers, so it has gained a great amount of popularity, the majority knew the meaning. The percentages for the other words vary, as you can see the charts below. They immediately associate words with a phonologically close word, like boszorkány for borkány, rokka (szövőszék) for rokolya. I intentionally put in some words that are just slightly different from the standard forms, like geleszta (giliszta), vider (veder), üsmer (ismer) and all three were easily guessed. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScx0hNaw-HTgxtxOykgxL9d3Q7BfgHcHwOfvMvhcPpGYjOCBQ/viewform?usp=sf_link
        
        Interesting! Thank you.
- - - - OK, sounds exciting!
        
        Unfortunately, it seems I can't conclude much from my research. If anything, there are no differences btwn genders in politeness (according to my survey).
        
        Falsifying a hypothesis is just as valuable a finding as verifying it, so that's not a problem at all!
- - - - Alright, I see. Are you planning on using Likert-scale questionnaire items for that?
        
        yes! (HA)
        
        I sent out questionnaires with some examples of sexist language, asked some people to mark from 1-5 how bothered they were if they heard these terms, then
        I asked whether they avoid sexist language and if (and why) they thought it was important to avoid sexist language. I've found that generally women are more bothered by it, also they paid more attention and thought it was more important to consciously avoid its use.
        Interestingly,80% of the men who completed the questionnaire claimed to never use sexist language, whereas 80% of the women said they used it occassonally. (HA)
        
        Very eye-opening results, thank you!
- - - - OK I see, looks interesting. It would be great to contrast your findings at this stage to the earlier ones!
        
        My investigation had two main goals:
        
        To compare people's opinions with my previous findings.
        
        To find out whether the group of people who I investigated has an adequate idea about their own language use, i.e.: whether investigations can rely only on the peoples' own notions or not.
        
        For the first one: I found that people care less about the endings of the words if they are talking to their acquaintances or friends. My questionnaire proves that correct. In my second investigation I found that if we are with friends, topic does not have any influence on whether we use the standard endings or not. However, 6 out of 10 people marked it as an important factor for themselves.
        I also got new perspectives to my investigation for example, not just the outside world, but the inside world of a person can influence one during speaking.
        For the second one: The personal reflections can be useful because the interviewees can add other perspectives to our investigation that we have not thought of. On the other hand, it is not enough to only rely on these types of questionnaires, because although they can give a rough prediction, they are not that accurate.
        
        Great results, thank you!
- - - - In my investigation I examined 4 age groups: people who are under 18, between the ages of 18-25, 26-40 and 41-65. I conducted the same research method as in my previous investigation. (2 recordings and a questionnaire concentrating on solidarity and status traits.) My hypothesis was that there would be significant differences between the age groups regarding the attitude towards code mixing. Surprisingly, I found no significant differences. The covert prestige of the code mixer was the lowest in each age group, therefore the code mixer was thought to be rather intelligent, educated and successful than kind, friendly or helpful. The non-code mixer was always rated more positively than the code mixer regarding both the solidarity and status traits. (MK)
- - - - I haven't yet decided on the best questions. I'm still thinking them over.
        
        Make sure you don't ask them your research question directly. Ask them questions with the help of which you can indirectly draw some meaningful conclusions regarding your RQ.
        
        This investigation was rather interesting. Finding the right questions to ask without appearing judgemental was quite the task. I've interview 4 people. All 4 were from Fez. Fez is a really old city in Morocco whose people are known for being a little bit racist towards the rest of the country. The people there have a really heavy posh accent which helps them easily recognize their kind. I've asked them 3 questions. The first question was "which city do you believe has the best accent?". Surprisingly, none of the three participants answered with "fez". The second question was "which one is the worst"? All three of them gave the same answer. This was not surprising since they all agreed that the countryside accent was the absolute worst. My third question was "why do you find it repulsive?". Apparently, they believe that the countryside accent reflects ignorance, poverty, and lack of class. This was quite surprising, I've started the investigation believing that the results will show that certain accents reflect a high standing in society. However, I found that certain accents can strip away the prestige the same way others grant it. (Taha)
        
        Very interesting indeed! Where did they claim the best variety was spoken if not in Fez?
        
        Tangier and Marrakesh
- - - - OK, no, fine, it was just a thought. :)
  - - - Sounds very interesting indeed. Thank you for the detailed description of your findings.
- - - - OK. In this case I suggest collecting data using questionnaires instead of interviews. Also, make sure you indicate that you expect them to reject the requests.
        
        <3
        
        I asked 5 people to participate, all from different countries. Even though I indicated that they have to reject the requests, most of them tried to find a way to somehow still do it (eg. with money, they offered to pay a smaller amount, or I gave them a situation when they were asked to look after a child, but they had to refuse because they were busy, they said that they would try to take the child with them, or find some other solution to be able to look after the child.) Generally, they all seemed to be more direct and unwilling to reject the request with a close friend than someone who they don't know very well, they used more polite language with people that they don't have a close relathionship with, but they were more willing to reject the request politely.
- - - - Sounds exciting! Does this mean then that your Iranian-American respondents seemed to react to the code-mixer and the non-code-mixer in less different ways than your Iranian respondents who live in Iran?
        
        Yes, exactly. That's my understanding, based on the results.
- - - - I ended up analyzing the most popular semantic components of common speech acts (Refusal of Invitation, Apologies, Requests (using mitigating supportive moves), Gratitude) used by speakers of different languages (Russian, Hungarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, also Arabic, Portuguese, Nandi). There were 20 respondents altogether. Regarding Refusal of Invitation the most popular answer was an explicit refusal, also only Russian speakers added an explanation. Regarding apologies, the most popular answer (50%) was a suggestion of a repair. Regarding requests, speakers of almost all languages started their request with a disarmer however a considerable amount did not use mitigating moves at all. As for expressing gratitude, representatives of all languages preferred to just say “thank you”. Second popular answer included promise of reciprocation.
- - - - Sounds promising, way to go!