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PERFECT TENSES - Coggle Diagram
PERFECT TENSES
Present PERFECT
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thing that happened in the past, but we're not saying exactly when: "Don't tell me he's bought another new car"
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with report/comment verbs or phrases (guess, imagine, suppose, etc.): "I reckon Gloria has been held up in traffic"
with the phrase This is/ It's / That's the first/ second/only time: "This is the first time he's been late"
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when commenting on the present results of something in the past (appear, seem, sound, etc.): "He sounds as if he has run all the way there"
to describe states or events that have continued since a time in the past (with since, ever since, etc.): "He's been a bit more careful since he had that warning", "Ever since I first heard it I've been trying to find a recording of that song"
Use with another Present Perfect: to describe two states that have existed since a time in the past: "Since I've known him, he's always worn the same sweater"
Use with future forms: (after when, as soon as, before); "We'll continue the meeting when he's recovered his composure"
Past PERFECT
things that took place before something else in the past: "I took the decision after I had spoken to John"
things that took place during a period before an event in the past: "All day I'd been feeling nervous but the feeling vanished as soon as I saw her"
Future PERFECT
something that will be finished before a specified time in the future: "I'll have signed nearly a hundred letters by tonight"
Typical expressions/phrases:"They've made it", "I've had enough", "You've had it", "She's arrived", "He's lost it"
Time words (for, since, already, yet, still, often, etc.):
"We still haven't heard from Olga"
"I haven't heard a convincing explanation of her absence yet"
"She has phoned already"
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