GEOGRAPHY
CONCEPTS
Place refers to a part of the Earth’s surface given meaning by people. It refers to both natural and built/human environments.
Space refers to the way things are arranged on the Earth’s surface. Places can be divided into spaces. Spaces have three elements: location, organisation (how things are arranged), distribution (patterns of where things are located)
Environment means the living and non-living things in an area as a whole. For example, how humans change the environment, or how natural hazards impact us.
Interconnection refers to the links between all living and non-living things, on a local or global level.
Sustainability is the ongoing capacity of the Earth to support all life.
Change refers to the processes, both human and natural, that take place on a local and global level.
Scale refers to the spatial level at which we look at something – whether at the local level, regional level, national, international or global.
Maps knowledge
skills
Measuring distance (scale)
Area reference and grid reference
Contour mapping and cross sections
directions
latitude and longitude
Landforms (contours)
Physical and cultural features
Environmental change
Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they adapt to the available food and climate patterns.
Examples of these global environmental changes include climate change, freshwater shortages, loss of biodiversity (with consequent changes to functioning of ecosystems), and exhaustion of fisheries.
The increase in global temperatures is causing glaciers to disappear and is increasing the melting of sea ice in the Arctic.
loss pf biodiversity
soil degradation
land cleared for farming
polution and plastic
soil erosion
gases