Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Prostaglandins & Other Eicosanoids (pharmacology) - Coggle Diagram
Prostaglandins & Other
Eicosanoids
(pharmacology)
7.Phospholipase A2 inhibitors
Corticosteroids
Reversibly inhibit phospholipase A2 and reduce synthesis of COX, LOX enzymes
2.Leukotriene antagonists
Lipoxygenase inhibiton
zileuton
Clinical Applications
Asthma prophylaxis
Pharmacokinetics
Oral
Duration: ~3 h
Mechanism of Action
Blocks synthesis of leukotrienes
Toxicities,
Interactions
Liver enzyme elevation
Leukotriene receptor inhibitors
montelukast , zafirlukast
Clinical Applications
Asthma prophylaxis
Pharmacokinetics
Oral
Duration: ~3–10 h
Mechanism of Action
Block CysLT1 receptor reduce bronchoconstriction in asthma
Toxicities,
Interactions
Liver enzyme elevation
4.Prostacyclin
PGI2: epoprostenol
Clinical Applications
Vasodilator in pulmonary
hypertension, antiplatelet agent in extracorporeal
dialysis
Pharmacokinetics
Infusion Duration:
minutes
Mechanism of Action
Activates IP receptors, causes vasodilation, reduces platelet aggregation
Toxicities,
Interactions
Hypotension, flushing,
headache
PGI2 analog, treprostinil
: parenteral or by inhalation for pulmonary hypertension
6.Cyclooxygenase inhibitors (NSAIDs)
Aspirin
Mechanism of Action
Irreversibly inhibit COX-1 and
COX-2 -Reduces synthesis of Prostaglandins
Selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib
Mechanism of Action
Selectively reversibly inhibits COX-2
Nonselective COX-1,
COX-2 inhibitors: ibuprofen, indomethacin, naproxen, others
Mechanism of Action
Reversibly inhibit COX-1 and
COX-2
-Reduces synthesis of Prostaglandins
1.Leukotrienes
LTB4
Clinical Applications
None
Pharmacokinetics
Local release
Duration: seconds
Mechanism of Action
Chemotactic factor in tor in inflammation
Toxicities,
Interactions
Inflammatory mediator
LTC4, LTD4
Clinical Applications
None
Pharmacokinetics
Local release
Duration: seconds
Mechanism of Action
Bronchoconstrictors important in anaphylaxis, asthma
cause edema
Toxicities,
Interactions
Inflammatory mediators
5.Prostaglandins
PGE1
Clinical Applications
Transposition of great
vessels, to maintain patent ductus until surgery
Pharmacokinetics
Infusion
Duration: minutes
Mechanism of Action
Relaxes smooth muscle in
ductus arteriosus
Toxicities,
Interactions
Hypotension
PGE2: dinoprostone
Clinical Applications
Abortifacient, cervical
ripening
Pharmacokinetics
Vaginal
Duration: 3–5 h
Mechanism of Action
Low concentrations contract, higher concentrations relax uterine and cervical
smooth muscle
Toxicities,
Interactions
Cramping, fetal trauma
PGE1 derivative:
misoprostol
Clinical Applications
Protective agent in
peptic ulcer disease
-Abortificient
Pharmacokinetics
Oral
Duration: minutes to hours
Mechanism of Action
Activates EP receptors, causes increased HCO3
and
mucus secretion in stomach
-uterine contraction
Toxicities,
Interactions
Diarrhea, uterine
cramping
PGF2α derivative: latanoprost
Clinical Applications
Glaucoma
Pharmacokinetics
Topical
Duration: 4–8 h
Mechanism of Action
Increases outflow of
aqueous humor, reduces intraocular pressure
Toxicities,
Interactions
Color change in iris
PGE1 analog, alprostadil
injectable and suppository form for erectile dysfunctio
3.Thromboxane
TXA2
Clinical Applications
None
Pharmacokinetics
Local release
Duration: seconds
Mechanism of Action
Activates TPα,β receptors,causes platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction
Toxicities,
Interactions
See Mechanism of Action