Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Roots - Coggle Diagram
Roots
Other types of roots and root
Storage roots
these roots are modified for storage of food or water, such as carrots and beets. They include some taproots and tuberous roots. Structural roots: large roots that have undergone considerable secondary thickening and provide mechanical support to woody plants and trees.
Prop roots
Any of the modified roots that arise from the stem of certain plants and provide extra support. Such stems are usually tall and slender and the prop roots develop at successively higher levels as the stem elongates, as in the maize plant
Aerial roots of orchids
Living attached to the branches of trees, these roots spread along the surface of the bark and often dangle freely in the air. These plants live in rainforests the orchids are actually adapted to drought conditions
Contractile roots
is a thickened specialized root at the base of a corm, bulb, rosette or other organ which is designed to shrink vertically under conditions of seasonal drought that helps position this plant part at an appropriate level in the ground.
Mycorrhizae
Fungi that form a symbiotic relationship with roots usually of benefit to plants because they provide phosphorus
Root nodules & nitrogen fixation
are found on the roots of plants, primarily legumes, that form a symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, capable plants form a symbiotic relationship with a host-specific strain of bacteria known as rhizobia. Nitrogen fixation in the nodule is very oxygen sensitive.
Roots of strangler figs
The roots grow down to the forest floor where they take root and begin to take nutrients from the soil. Gradually the roots wrap around the host tree, widen, and slowly form a lattice-work that surrounds the host's trunk.
Internal structure of roots
Root apical meristem
is a small region at the tip of a root in which all cells are capable of repeated division and from which all primary root tissues are derived
Zone of elongation
zone of elongation is where the newly formed cells increase in length, thereby lengthening the root
Zone of maturation/root hair zone
Beginning at the first root hair is the zone of cell maturation where the root cells begin to differentiate into special cell types
Root cap
is a type of tissue at the tip of a plant root. It is also called calyptra. Root caps contain statocytes which are involved in gravity perception in plants
Mucigel
is a slimy substance that covers the root cap of the roots of plants. It is a highly hydrated polysaccharide, most likely a pectin, which is secreted from the outermost (epidermal) cells of the rootcap
External structure of roots
Organization of root systems
Lateral roots
Lateral roots are produced when cells in the pericycle, the layer of cells surrounding the central vascular cylinder, begin to divide, form additional cell layers that push through the outer cell layers of the primary root, and ultimately organize a second root meristem.
Radicle
a plant embryo that develops into the primary root
Fibrous root system
Set of roots in which all roots are more or less the same size, none especially larger than any other root (none is a taproot)
adventitious roots
roots that form from any nonroot tissue and are produced both during normal development,and in response to stress conditions, such as flooding, nutrient deprivation, and wounding.
Roots must have an enormous absorptive surface in order for a single unbranched root to have sufficient surface area which makes it nearly impossible for roots to have good construction, but that's why there is a root system
Structure of individual root
An individual root is fairly simple because it has no leaves or leaf scars it has neither leaf axils nor axillary buds.
