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Metabolism: Small Bowel Obstruction - Coggle Diagram
Metabolism: Small Bowel Obstruction
Pathophysiology:
Etiology: Impacted stool, hernias, twisted intestine, intussusception, post op adhesions, tumors (less common in SBO)
The accumulation of GI secretions and air causes the the small intestine above the bowel to dilate
This stimulates the cell secretory activity which causes more fluid accumulation
Peristalsis is increased and can cause frequent stools and flatulence early on which increases distention and increases intraluminal pressure in the bowels
The mucosal lymphatics are compressed, increasing the intraluminal hydrostatic pressure of capillary beds
Fluid and electrolyte absorption decreases causing fluid loss and dehydration, which can later lead to hypovolemia and shock
Impaired movement of the bowel contents that cause an obstruction
Risk Factors:
Intestinal inflammation
Abdominal/pelvic surgery
Abdominal or groin hernia
Foreign body
Prior irradiation
Collaborative Treatment:
Fluid restriction
Administer meds: antibiotics, antiemetics, and analgesics
Decompress bowel
Correct any fluid and electrolyte imbalances
Complications:
Sepsis
Death
Peritonitis
Aspiration
Signs and Symptoms:
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Diarrhea
Abdominal distenstion
Dehydration
Diagnostic/Lab Tests:
Abdominal x-ray
CT scan
Creatinine/ BUN
CBC
Electrolyte labs