Cell Structure
Prokaryotes
They are organisms that lack organelles
They do not have a nucleus
They have a cytoplasm, a cell membrane and a cell wall
They are smaller than eukaryotic cells
They have genetic material in the form of a DNA loop and rings of DNA called plasmids
Eukaryotes
Eukaryotic cells are much more complex than prokaryotic cells
They have a cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material
Eukaryotic cells are found in animal, plant, fungi and protist cells
They contain organelles where specific functions are carried out
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Cell Membrane - Its structure is permeable to some substances but not to others. It therefore controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
Mitochondria - Organelles that contain the enzymes for respiration, and where most energy is released in respiration
Nucleus - Contains genetic material, including DNA, which controls the cell's activities
Ribosomes - Tiny structures where protein synthesis occurs
Cytoplasm - A jelly like material that contains dissolved like nutrients and salts and structures called organelles. This is where many of the chemical reactions happen
Plant cells have additional structures to animals cells
Cell Wall - Made from cellulose fibres and strengthens the cell and supports the plant
Permanent Vacuole - Filled with sap cell to help keep the cell turgid
Chloroplast - Organelles that contain the green pigment, chlorophyll which absorbs light for photosynthesis