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Metabolism: Acute Liver Failure - Coggle Diagram
Metabolism: Acute Liver Failure
Pathophysiology:
Trigger (see etiology) causes an inflammatory response
Etiology: Hepatitis A, B,C, D, E, acetaminophen overdose, overdose of prescription medications, toxins (ex. wild mushrooms), Reye's syndrome, CMV, Herpes, and EBV
Liver Kupffer cells start to defend and recruit other cells to help like neutrophils, macrophages, cytokines, monocytes
The invasion of neutrophils exacerbate damage to the liver which may lead to liver enlargement with RUQ pain and apoptosis of the liver cells
The widespread inflammation and can cause necrosis
This causes scarring and fibrous tissue to the liver
These damaged tissues have a disported lobular pattern. It also decreases the function of hepatocytes and increases portal circulation
Signs and Symptoms
Jaundice of skin and eyes
ascities
Right upper abdomen pain
Nausea
Anorexia
Risk Factors:
Excessive alcohol consumption
Use of dirty needles
Excessive acetaminophen use
Unprotected sex
Complications:
Portal Hypertension
Coagulation defects
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Death
Collaborative Treatments:
Medication to reverse the toxin
Frequent serum labs
Watch for infection
Liver transplant
Supportive care
Diagnostic/Lab tests:
Liver Function blood tests
CBC
PT/INR
Bilirubin
Albumin
Liver ultrasound