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MECHANISMS
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MECHANISMS
Mechanisms
Around us we can see many moving obiects and mechanisms that produce movement that we can also call motion.
The driving force can be a spring, an electric motor or our own
muscles.
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Linear motion mechanisms
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Fixed pulley
A fixed pulley is a wheel that has a groove around lt into which a rope,chain or belt fits. It rotates around an axle that is fixed to an immobile surface.
A fixed pulley is balanced when the effort F is equal to the resistance of the
load, R: F=R
Movable pulley
A moveable pulley ts a set of two pulleys — one ts fixed while the other
can move tn a linear direction.
A moveable pulley is balanced when it satisfies this equation:
F=R/2
Compound pulley
This ts a system of fixed and moveable pulleys, often called block and tackle.
If we use more pulleys, the system becomes more complex, but less effort is needed to move the load.
Rotary motion mechanisms
Friction drives
Friction drives are made up of two or more wheels that are in contact.
Uses: often in industry to make metal sheets, rolls of paper or other fine materials. Video players use this system to move video tape
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Pulleys with belt
They consist of two pulleys or wheels that are a certain distance apart.
Uses: industrial machines, vehicle engines, washing machines and dulls
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Worm gear
This is a screw that moves a helical cogwheel that is set perpendicular to the screw.
Uses: lap counters, gear reduction systems, musical tuning keys and windscreen wipers
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Gear train
This is a system of more than two gears, th rotary motion of the first wheel drives the second wheel and so on.
Uses: machine tools, robotics, vehicle gearboxes and some electrical appliances.
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Pulley trains with belts
The rotary motion of axle 1 is transmitted to axle 2 by the belt that connects them.
Pulleys 2 and 3 rotate at the same velocity.
The motion of pulley 3 is transmitted to pulley 4 by the belt that connects them.
All the wheels rotate m the same direction.
Uses: machine tools and drills
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