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International management - Asia - Coggle Diagram
International management - Asia
East Asian Management Systems:
Support long-termism, risk minimization
Historically significant state intervention
Closely linked with ruling political elite
Under representation of women in work force
Social/business relationship is critical for success
Growing focus on IP protection
West vs East: What's the Difference?
West:
Individualist
Early adopters & proponents of capitalism
Short-termism
Limited hierarchy
Merit-based
Shareholders – primary stakeholder
East:
Collectivist
Reluctant followers of capitalism
Long - termism
Steep hierarchy
Seniority- based
Multiple equally important stakeholders
Regional Unique Managerial Implications
Cultural Factors
Confucianism
Main teachings: Lyalty, reciprocal obligations, and honesty
High moral, ethical conducts, and loyalty are stressed
Interpretation varies from different countries (shows importance of cultural intelligence)
Hard & technical skilll development
value Hierarchy (respect seniors/authoritative positions)
Relationships important (social, meetings, etc)
Value networks important
Enforce importance of networking to increase business opportunity and outcome
Savings Driven (shown in organisational budgets)
Economic Factors
Embrace capitalistic pursuit despite lack of political freedom
Western organisational structures through privatisation of previously state-controlled entitities
Considered global rising powerhouse (Ex. China)
Increase in middle class & shift away from communism
Increase in income gap
Political Systems
Close relation between political & business leaders (especially men) subjugate women
Increased politcal influence in other regions through business expansion (Ex. China in Africa)
Tensions between East-Asia from complex history
IP protection
Support anti-corruption practices and protectionism
perogative of protection of ownership & sale enforcement
Exposure to western Education cause future political & business leaders to embrace western values
Likely to reflect more western-based managerial systems
Why Asia?
South and South East Asia:
Home to the PRC and India, 2 most populated and largest transition economies
considered the engine
Was previously Japan who are also competitors to the US (& PRC)
Consists of global brans such as Samsung, Toyota, Lenovo
Reality of Int. Man:
Blurrying of international borders
Global expansion is necessary for competitiveness and survival
Ongoing and increased level of globalisation
Why focus on Asia:
Makes up 40% of global economy
rising middle class, size in middle class in Asia is predicted to double by 2030
Population of approx. 4.4 billion people
Jack Ma: "needs more inclusiveness in management "
World needs new leadership where they work together collaboratively
Share the prosperity together
Business community should solves arising business issues not government officials
EWTP expands opportunity for young entrepreneurs - easier to borrow money
Stan Shih, founder of the Acer group:
Asian practice embraced: Long-termism, Harmony and Collectivism, Seniority and Mentorship
Avoided: Mistrust, Secrecy, Centralized Authoritarianism, Ethnocentrism
Chen and Miller (2010): "Ambicultural Manager" needed for the 21st century
Openness to new ways of thinking, see wisdom/strength in cultures
Balance diverse social, geopolitical, environ- mental, and human needs
Equal appreciation for teamwork and individual stars.
Ability to transcend divisions around the globe.
Ability to balance social good and self-interest.