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Cognitive biases - Coggle Diagram
Cognitive biases
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Dunning-Kruger Effect
Due to lack of familiarity with a subject, we perceive complicated issues as simple;
Basically, the less experience you have at something, the worse you are at measuring your understanding and the more you overestimate your abilities.
We become less likely to want to learn more and listen to different opinions, as we already view ourselves as experts.
In-group bias
People are more likely to support or believe someone within their own social group than an outsider.
Self-serving bias
We think that good things happen to us due to our merit, but bad things happen to us because of circumstances outside our control, thus refusing personal responsibility.
We don't apply the same logic to others, making us feel superior to them, resulting in the illusory superiority effect.
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Hindsight bias
Also known as the knew-it-all-along phenomenon, we often look back on the things we’ve just learned and assume we knew them or believed them all along, or that we could have predicted them.
Anchoring bias
We tend to base our assumptions on the first piece of information we have, not wondering if this information could be false.
Optimism bias
We are more likely to predict good outcomes when we are in a good mood, and vice-versa (Pessimism bias).
The halo effect
The tendency for positive impressions of a person, company, brand or product in one area to positively influence one's opinion or feelings in other areas.
Ex: seeing a beautiful person and automaticaly assuming the person is also smart, kind, brave, etc.
Status quo bias
The preference to keep things in their current state, while regarding any type of change as a loss.