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Cardiovascular Drugs - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Leads to heart pumping more effectively
        
        =decreased CO
    - - As a result of the improved pumping action, more blood circulates through kidneys (increased glomerular filtration rate), which mobilizes the edema from the tissues (produces diuresis)
        
        Excess blood volume collected at heart is removed via kidneys
    - - Can be useful for treating arrhythmias
        
        PAT (paroxysmal atrial tachycardia)
        
        AF (atrial fibrillation)
  - - - Arrhythmias
        
        Can progress to ventricular fibrillation & death
      - Neurologic effects/ signs of toxicity
        
        Headache, drowsiness, visual disturbances. Pain in Lower face mimicking trigeminal neuralgia. Weakness, faintness, mental confusion.
      - G.I.
        
        Anorexia, nausea, vomiting. Copious salivation.
      - Oral effects
        
        Increased salivation
        
        Increase in gag reflex
  - - - Used to be widely used for HF, now used selectively (stage C HF & reduced LVEF)
  - - - Increases force of contraction
  - - - In severe cardiac disease, limit epi dose to cardiac dose
- - - - =reduced myocardial oxygen demand
- - - - U respiratory infections
      - Dry cough. Nasal congestion.
    - - Dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, headache
    - - Diarrhea
    - - Muscle cramps, leg pain, back pain.
    - - Fetal and neonatal morbidity & death
- - - - Angiotensin II produces VC & release of aldosterone= increases H2O retention
  - - - Cardio
        
        Hypotension that produces dizziness, light headedness, fainting
        
        Tachycardia. Chest pain.
      - CNS
        
        Dizziness, insomnia, fatigue
  - - - Dosing limited to a couple days only.
  - - - Hypertension, diabetes, an LVEF less than 40%, chronic kidney disease, or other vascular disease.
- - - - Can reduce antihypertensive effect of thiazide diuretics
      - Takes a few days to develop, so can safely take NSAIDS for a couple days
      - Pt. may prescribed accordingly by Dr. to take NSAID for arthritis + correct dose of BP. Pt monitors BP @ home.
- - - - Reduced CO
    - - Decreases work of the heart
  - - - diltiazem (Cardizem)
    - - nifedipine (Procardia, Adalat)
    - - vermapril (Calan, Isoptin)