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ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS - Coggle Diagram
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESS
ADMINISTRATION PROCESS
ADDRESS
Motivation is not a simple concept; actually refers to various drives, desires, needs, wants, and other forces
Management is the process of influencing individuals to contribute to the fulfillment of organizational and group goals
The administrative function of management is the process of influencing people to contribute to the fulfillment of organizational and group goals
ORGANIZATION
The informal organization, which we defined in the previous point, is a network of personal and social relationships not established or required by the formal authority but that arises spontaneously.
The term "management span" refers to the number of people that a manager can effectively supervise.
The formal organization, which we have already been defining, is the intentional structure of functions
INTEGRACIÓN DE PERSONAL Y CONTROL
Control
Internal control comprises the series of actions designed and executed by active management to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of the organization's objectives.
Interpretative statement
It is the series of systems, decisions, actions and instruments of consistent application, articulated in the processes and projects of the organization, which are developed in points prior, coinciding or after certain administrative acts as a means to achieve the objectives planned
Integration of Personnel
The administrative function of integration of personnel consists of occupying and thus maintaining the positions of the organizational structure.
Interpretative statement
Internal control seeks to provide reasonable assurance that the organization achieves its objectives.
PLANNING
The planning function is generally recognized as the most difficult task that the manager undertakes and that, for this reason, it is very easy to postpone.
Planning rests on the idea that the future success of an entity can be enhanced by continued administrative action.
The fundamental purpose of planning by management is to generate an advance feeding process for operations and for control
GENERAL CONCEPTS ON ADMINISTRATION
BASIC ADMINISTRATION PROCESS
Importance of administration
The same concepts and purposes analyzed for the structuring of a definition on the administration give us the guideline to determine its importance.
To demonstrate the above, the following facts can be taken as a basis
It is in large companies where the administrative function is mostly manifested
For small and medium-sized companies, administration is also important, because by improving it, they obtain a higher level of competitiveness, since its elements are better coordinated: machinery, labor, market, etc.
The administration can be given where there is a social organism, and according to its complexity, it will be more necessary
Administration Features
It has been indicated that management provides the basic principles through whose application it is feasible to achieve success in the management of organized individuals in a formal group that has common objectives.
Its specificity. Although the administration is always accompanied by other phenomena of a different nature, the administrative element is specific and different from those that accompany
Your temporary unit. Although stages, phases and elements of the administrative phenomenon are differentiated, it is unique and, therefore, at all times of the operation of an organization, all or most of the administrative elements are occurring, to a greater or lesser extent.
Universality The administrative phenomenon occurs wherever there is a social organism, because there must always be systematic coordination of the media.
The etymological definition is the most usual form of the nominal definition, that is, the explanation of the origin of the word with which what is studied is designated, making use of the phonetic elements that form it.
The word administration is formed from the prefix ad, towards, and from ministratio.
The etymology thus gives us the idea that the administration refers to a function that is developed under the command of another, of a service that is provided
FORMAL AND INFORMAL ORGANIZATION
Informal Organization
It is the organization that emerges spontaneously and naturally among the people who occupy positions in the formal organization and from the relationships that they establish among themselves as occupants of positions.
Formal organization
It is the organization based on a rational division of labor, on the differentiation and integration of the participants according to some criteria established by those who manage the decision-making process.
EVOLUTION OF THE ADMINISTRATION, WORK AND THE ECONOMY
Management is defined as the process of creating, designing and maintaining an environment in which people, working or working in groups, efficiently achieve selected goals.
Administration tranche principle
In each administrative position there is a limit to the number of people who can effectively manage one person, but the exact number depends on the impact of various underlying variables.
School beginning
The clearer the line of authority from the highest administrative position of a company to each subordinate position, the clearer the responsibility to make decisions and the more effective the organizational communication
Organization Principles
The purpose of the organization is to help achieve that the objectives have meaning and contribute to organizational efficiency
Principle of the absolute nature of responsibility
Liability for actions cannot be greater than that implicit in delegated authority, nor should it be less
Organization Concept
it is a coordinated, conscious social unit, made up of two or more people, that functions with relative constancy in order to achieve a common goal or series of goals.
World Unity Principle
The more complete the relationships of dependence on a single superior, the less the problem of opposing instructions and the greater the sense of personal responsibility for the results.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND ORGANIZATIONAL HIERARCHICAL SKILLS
In recent years, different tools and processes have been developed that are fundamentally oriented towards the creation of a new administrative culture.
Businesses are created in general terms by people (investors) who want to obtain as their first objective the maximization of returns on investment, that is, the highest long-term profit with a certain amount of resources.
THEORIES OF ADMINISTRATION
FAYOL: CLASSICAL THEORY
Main contributions and limitations Henry Fayol was born in France in 1841 and died in 1925, he began to work as general manager of a coal mining company that was in bankruptcy, after 25 years he was considered one of the most important companies worldwide.
HIS WORK
"Principles of General Administration"
"General Theory of the State"
"Industrial and General Administration"
WEBER: TEORÍA BUROCRÁTICA
Main contributions German sociologist who deeply analyzed organizations from different points of view, studied aspects of bureaucracy, democracy, authority and behavior
His works: "Economy and Society" and "Protestant Ethics". Contributions to the administration: his contributions were very important but they were recognized 20 years later
TAYLOR: SCIENTIFIC THEORY
Frederick Taylor He was one of the main exponents of scientism, born in Philadelphia in the year 1856 and died in 1915. He joined a company that manufactured steel ingots in the time of depreciation in the United States as a worker and then going through the other levels he reached the highest position.
HIS WORK
"Fundamentals of Scientific Management"
"The belts" and many more treatises
"Principles of public administration"
MAY: SCHOOL OF HUMAN RELATIONS
In a company "Western Electric located in the Hawtourne Chicago neighborhood, the decision is made to carry out a psychological and sociological study to know the influence that certain factors such as cleanliness, light, noise, etc. have on the productive aspect of it. This study was started by a group of sociologists and psychologists
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
THE COMMUNICATION
Communication is hampered by barriers and failures in the communication process.
Electronic media can improve communication, as illustrated by teleconferencing and computer applications
Communication is the transfer of information from a sender to a receiver, who must understand it
Occupational Health Administration
A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a procedure that leads to integrating accepted health and safety principles and practices into a particular operation.
Some people prefer to extend an analysis to all aspects of the job, and not just safety
One way to increase knowledge about risk in the workplace is to conduct a job risk analysis on the tasks of individuals
THE MOTIVATION
Motivation is a generic term that applies to a wide range of similar urges, wants, needs, desires, and forces.
Motivators are things that induce the individual to achieve high performance
Human motivations are based on needs, either consciously or unconsciously experienced.
MCGREGOR'S THEORY
In two groups of assumptions elaborated by Douglas McGregor and known as "theory X" and "theory Y" a particular vision of the nature of human beings was expressed.
THEORY Y
The Theory Y managers consider that their subordinates find in their employment a source of satisfaction and that they will always strive to achieve the best results for the organization, thus, companies must release the skills of their workers in favor of said results
THEORY X
It is based on the old precept of the stick and the carrot and the presumption of mediocrity of the masses, it is assumed that individuals have a natural tendency to leisure and that, like the negrito of the batey (the song), work is a form of punishment or as They say "working is so bad that you even get paid", which presents two urgent needs for the organization: supervision and motivation