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Chapter 6 Leaves - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 6 Leaves
External Structure of Foliage Leaves
Leaf Blade (Lamina)
flat light-harvesting portion of the leaf.
Dorsal Surface
the blades lower side
Abaxial Side
large veins that protrude like backbones.
Ventral Surface
the upper and usually smooth side of the leaf.
Petiole
the (stalk) that holds the blade out into the light.
Sessile leaf
a self shading leaf.
Petiolate
leaf that is not self shading.
Sheathing Leaf Base
the leaf vase wraps around the stem.
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Abscission Zone
oriented perpendicular to the petiole; its cells are involved in cutting off the leaf when its useful life is over.
Veins
bundles of vascular tissue.
Reticulate Venation
angiosperms and eudicots appear in a netted pattern.
Leaf Scar
undamaged cells swell and become corky, forming protective scar tissue.
Internal Structure of Foliage Leaves
Transpiration
water loss through the epidermis.
Melophyll
the ground tissues interior to the leaf epidermis.
Palisade Parenchyma
cells on the upper surface of most leaves.
Spongy Mesophyll
open loose aerenchyma that permits carbon dioxide to diffuse rapidly away from stomata into all parts of the leafs interior.
Bundle Sheath
fibers arranged as a sheath.
Bundle Sheath Extension
fibers that help give rigidity to the blade and are believed to provide an additional means by which water moves from the bundle out to the mesophyll.
leaf traces
one, three, five or more branch from stem vascular bundles and diverge toward the petiole.
Stipules
two small flaps of tissue at its base.
Mid-rib
vascular tissue found in eudicot leaves.
Lateral Veins
branch into mirror veins.
minor veins
most important for releasing water from xylem and loading sugar into phloem.
Initiation and Development of Leaves.
Leaf Primordium
at the base of the meristem , cells just interior to the protoderm grow outward, forming a protrusion.
Succulent Leaves
thick fleshy, a shape that reduce surface to volume ratio.
Sclerophyllous Foliage Leaves
hard leaves with a elongated life.
Leaves of Conifers
thick cuticle and their epidermis and hypodermis cells have thick walls.
Spines
spines protect and have no blade and are needle shaped.
Tendrils
grow indefinitely and contain cells that are capable of sensing contact with an object.
Morphology and Anatomy of Other Leaf Types.
Bud Scales
one of the most common modifications of leaves.
Kranz Anatomy
adapts C4 plants to their environment.
