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4th Pharyngeal Arch - Coggle Diagram
4th Pharyngeal Arch
Coarctation of the Aorta
Development
muscle tissues of the ductus arteriosus are incorporated into the wall of the aorta, and when the ductus constricts, so does the aorta (Moore et al., 2020)
abnormal involution of small segment of the left dorsal aorta, may move cranially with the left subclavian artery (Moore et al., 2020)
segment of arch between left subclavian artery and ductus aerteriosus is narrow because it carries very little, after normal closure of the ductus arteriosus, the area normally enlarges, but if not a coarc occurs (Moore et al., 2020)
preductal
constriction proximal to ductus arteriosus (Moore et al., 2020)
narrow segment may be extensive (Moore et al., 2020)
postductal
constriction distal to the ductus arteriosus (Moore et al., 2020)
permits the development of collateral circulation during the fetal period (Moore et al., 2020)
Treatment
Initial treatment involves use of PGE to keep the PDA open so blood can reach the lower half of the body (Cincinnati Children's, 2019)
surgery
resection and anastomosis of the aorta around the stenosed area (Cincinnati Children's, 2019)
arch advancement using the end of the narrowed area and anastomosing with the ascending aorta (Cincinnati Children's, 2019)
patch to open the aorta (Cincinnati Children's, 2019)
catheter based balloon dilation (Cincinnati Children's, 2019)
Development
pharyngeal arches develops during the 4th week supplied by the aortic sac (Moore et al., 2020)
mesodermal cells migrate from the arches to the aortic sac (Moore et al., 2020)
arteries from the pharyngeal arch to the outflow tract terminate in the dorsal aorta on the ipsilateral side (Moore et al., 2020)
8th week- primordial pharyngeal arterial pattern is transformed to fetal arterial arrangement (Moore et al., 2020)
4th pair of pharyngeal arch arteries form part of the aortic arch (Moore et al., 2020)
six pairs of arch arteries form at different times (Moore et al., 2020)