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Chronic Kidney Disease - Coggle Diagram
Chronic Kidney Disease
Diagnostic Tests
BUN Elevated (>20mg/dL)
creatinine level elevated (>1.2)
Elevated sodium, potassium, phosphate and ammonia
Decreased blood pH (metabolic acidosis)
Hematocrit/Hemoglobin levels low
Serum albumin low
Urinalysis (proteinuria, glycosuria, urinary RBCs, leukocytes, casts and crystals)
Radiography
Renal angiography
CT Scanning
Biopsy
Reduced GFR
Complications
Anemia
Hypertension
CV disease
platelet dysfunciton
Peripheral neuropathy
pulmonary edema
Electrolyte imbalances
Sexual dysfunction
Manifestations
Decreased urine output
Not a lot of manifestations until far along
Altered LOC
Peripheral edema
cardiac arrhythmias
Gum ulceration/bleeding
Signs of malnutrition
Poor skin turgor
Pale, yellow/bronze skin
Thin, brittle fingernails and hair
Risk Factors
Hypertension
Diabetes
Family history
Obesity
Smoking
Black heritage
Age: >65
Pathology
irreversible nephron destruction
Stages 1-5
Kidney disease or injury
Treatment
Treat underlying cause
Control hypertension and diabetes
Diet: Low protein, high calorie, low sodium/phosphorus/potassium
Dialysis
Kidney transplant
Medication to control symptoms/complications
