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Development, Psych Chapters 15-16, Camryn Liem - Coggle Diagram
Development
Psychosocial Development
5) Trust vs. Mistrust: If infant needs are met, a sense of basic trust develops; if trust is not attained, child becomes fearful of others
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6) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt: Child develops sense of independence, or self-doubt develops
7) Initiative vs. Guilt: Child begins to initiate tasks and plans in play, or initiative is held back by guilt
8) Industry vs. Inferiority: Child discovers their academic abilities and social relationships or develops feelings of inferiority
Erik Erikson: Developmental psychologist who built on Freud’s work (Neo-Freudian) to make a theory of psychosocial development
Cognitive Development
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1) Stranger anxiety: Fear and distress that develop when children are confronted by individuals who are unknown to them when their parents are not around
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Parenting
9) Authoritative: Parents are responsive to the input and needs of their children and set rules and expectations, but they are not as rigid and demanding as authoritarian parents
11) Permissive: parents are not involved in their children’s lives and do not necessarily care to be involved/parents seek friendship with their children and set few boundaries for them
An outcome of permissive parenting can be that a child is forced to act like an adult prematurely.
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Diana Baumrind: Noted for her research on parenting and investigating the influence of different parenting styles on children’s behavior
Attachment
12) Insecure attachment bond: More likely to be distressed by the caregiver’s departure and resentful when the caregiver returns
13) Critical period: A specific time in which an emotional or social landmark is developed that will not or cannot occur at a later date.
Mary Ainsworth:
Noted for her work on patterns of attachment, designed a research method that allowed her to observe the behavior of infants and children covertly though one-way glass
15) Attachment bond: Emotional attachment between an infant and caregiver, considered to be as important as physical attachment to caregiver
14) Secure Attachment bond: Baby shows some level of distress when their caregiver leaves, they eventually regain comfort knowing, based on their established bond, that the caregivers will return
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