Lymphatic Immune System
Alice Juarez-Najera
P.6
Functions of Lymph/Immune System
Anatomy of the Lymphatic System
Humoral Response (B CELLS!!)
Antigens
Antibodies
Cellular Response (T CELLS)
Cells involved in the immune system
Disorders Associated w/ the Immune System
Allergies
Autoimmune Disease
Also Known as Antibody-Mediated Immunity
Primary Humoral Response
Secondary Humoral Response
First exposure to specific antigen
Reintroduction of antigen at a future time
Binding that occurs activates the lymphocytes making them go through clonal selection and this cloning of B cells become plasma cells that produce antibodies
Antibody activity lasts 4-5 days
Faster, stronger, longer lasting compared to primary
Destroys pathogen before any symptoms pop up and memory cells activate and divide rapidly as soon as antigen comes back into body
Active Immunity
Own body's B cells have to make antibodies and memory cells
Artificially Acquired Active: Making of antibodies by infection such as vaccines
Passive Immunity
Naturally Acquired Active: Making antibodies during an illness or infection in normal circumstances
Antibodies are obtained from someone else but memory doesnt occur
Naturally Acquired Passive- mother to fetus passing of antibodies
Artificially Acquired Passive: Receiving injections of immune serum or antibodies
Innate Natural Immune Defenses
Also called nonspecific body defenses or passive immune responses. You are born with this
non specific- does not discriminate and is short lasting without memory retention
First Line of Defense
Second Line of Defense
Mechanical Barrier: Skin, Hair, Cilia
cells and chemicals that kill, inflammatory responses, fever
Chemical Barrier: Sebum, Earwax, Vaginal Secretions, Stomach mucosa
Defensive Cells: Phagocytes: type of white blood cell
Natural Killer Cells: lyse and kill bad cells
4 Cardinal Signs: 1. Heat, 2. Swelling, 3. Redness. 4. Pain
Inflammatory Response
sets stage for tissue repair
Specific Body Defenses:
Third Line of Defense
Innate Immunity
Adaptive Immune System
natural, instant, immediate, integrated with adaptive immune system
Acquired, accurate, longer lasting
targets virus infected or cancerous cells also called Cell Mediated
activate the immune system or get the response running
immune system responds to substances that shouldn't be seen as dangerous and are harmless
Known as Immunoglobulin or IG
soluble proteins made by plasma cells that comes from B cells
carried in body fluids and binds to specific antigens
4 amino acid chains,2 light , 2 heavy
IgM- primary immune response, most abundant
IgA: found manly in mucus
IgD: important in B cell activation
IgG: can cross placenta barrier
IgE involved in allergies, histamine release
Cytotoxic T cells defends
antigen presentation through macrophages
Cytokines: chemicals released by antigen-presenting cells or T cells that stimulate other T cells
Monokines: released by macrophages
Lymphokines: Released my T cells
B cells
T Cells
Antimicrobial Cells: damages foreign cell surface, makes it explode
white blood cell that makes antibodies
recognizes and binds to infected cells
Helper T cell: alerts and recruits the immune system of danger
Cytotoxic T cell: Attacking and killing infected cells by releasing Perforin
Memory B/T cells: retain memory of the pathogen that comes into body and help aid in quicker response for future exposure
the immune system attacks its on cells
Lymphatic System: functions to protect the body from diseases, absorbs leaked fluids (fat), and resistance to disease
Immune System: Detects and responds to pathogens, helps establish protections through B and T cells, and protects the body overall from viruses and bacteria
Peyer's Patches in wall of small intestine, Spleen left side of the abdominal region, thymus located low in the throat, tonsils are located in the pharynx (throat)