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Lymphatic & Immune system- Jaqueline Ornelas P1 - Coggle Diagram
Lymphatic & Immune system- Jaqueline Ornelas P1
Major Functions
Lymphatic System
:
Return clean fluids and leaked proteins back to blood
organs, chemicals and cells are used to help defend against disease
includes lacteal which are vessles used to transport fats to circulatory system
lymphatic vessels carry excess fluid from interstitial places
Immune System
provides resistance to disease
A functional system rather than organ system
Its function is to fight and defeat bacteria, viruses and infections(pathogens)
Anatomy of Lymphatic System
Lymph Nodules:
3 masses of lymphoid tissue around mouth opening and throat
Palatine tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsils
Lingual tonsils
Stop germs and bacteria that enters mouth and nose to go to body
Lymphatic Organs
Thymus
produces white blood celss, T Lymphocytes(T Cells)
bodys defense mechanism
provides protection and surveillance against pathogens, tumors, and antigens
found behind sternum
Spleen
on the left side of abdomen
Largest lymphatic organ
resembles large lymph node, contains blood
filters the blood and removes damaged cells and bacteria
Lymph Nodes
Small glands that filter lymphs
clear circulating fluid from circulatory system
filter out damm\aged and cancerous cells
bean shaped, with blood vessles, nerves, and efferent lymphatic vessles
Lymph:
fluid carried by lymphatic vessels
one way system that moves to heart
no pump
contains white blood cells
Immune defenses
2 lines of defense againts pathogens
Innate immnune defense
respond quickly
Includes:
Special resistance- speacies resistant to diseases that affect other species
Mechanical barriers-bodys 1st line of defense, skin, hair, mucus, sweat
chemical barriers- destroy pathogens on outer body surface
natural kiiler cell- lymphocyte that defends body, secretes proteins, and chemicals that enhance inflammation
inflammation- tissue responding to pathogen
phagocytosis- removes foreign particles from lymph fluid
fever- interfere with the proper conditions that promote bacterial growth
Adaptive immune defense
3dr line of defense
response mounted by the body from specific foreign molecules
Naturally acquired active immunity- after exposure with antigen
artificially acquired passive immunity- through vccines w/o person becoming ill with disease
artificially acquired passive immunity- involves injection of gamma globulin containing antiboies
naturally acquired passive immunity- antibodies are passed from mother to fetus
Humoral Mediated immunity vs Cell- mediated immunity
Humoral response
antibody-mediated
cell type: B lymphocytes
antibodies circulating in serum
primary defense against extracellular pathogens>extra cellular bacteria and circulating virus
cellular response
cell-mediated
T lymphocytes
directs cell to cell contact or secreted soluble products
defense against extracellular pathogens, viruses and fungi, extracellular bacteria
Antigen and antibodies
Antigen
in order for T cells to be activated antigens must be present such as B cells or macrophages that has encountered the antigens
Antibodies
soluble rpotein secreted by plasma cells
carried by body fluids, capable of binding specifically to antigens
types of antibodies
IgG- marks microbes so other cells can recognize and deal with them
IgM- killing bacteria
IgA- congregates fluids, such as tears and saliva
IgE- protects against parasites and is ti blame for allergies
IgD- stays bound to B lymphocytes helping start the immune system
cells involved in the immune system
Memory T cells
provde a no delay response to any future exposure to same antigen
Cytotoxic T cells
monitor the bodys cells recognizing and eliminating tumor cells
lymphocytes
T cells- direct destruction of virus invaded cells adn mutant cells
b cells- secretes antibodies that inderectly lead to destruction
natural killer cells- secrete chemicals that enhance inflammation
Disorders associated with Immune System
Edema
condition interfering with the flow in lymph
fluids are not returned to vascular system
Lymphatic Filaris
HIV
Autoimmune disorders