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SmithIsaiahLymphImmune - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The lymphatic system plays an integral role in the immune functions of the body. It is the first line of defense against disease. This network of vessels and nodes transports and filters lymph fluid containing antibodies and lymphocytes (good) and bacteria (bad). The body’s first contact with these invaders signals the lymphatics, calling upon this system to orchestrate the way the infection-fighting cells prevent illness and diseases from invading microorganisms. The spleen also helps the body fight infection. The spleen contains lymphocytes and another kind of white blood cell called macrophages, which engulf and destroy bacteria, dead tissue, and foreign matter and remove them from the blood passing through the spleen.
- - - - Tonsils-The tonsils (palatine tonsils) are a pair of soft tissue masses located at the rear of the throat (pharynx). Each tonsil is composed of tissue similar to lymph nodes, covered by pink mucosa (like on the adjacent mouth lining).
      - Thymus-The thymus is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system. Within the thymus, thymus cell lymphocytes or T cells mature. T cells are critical to the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts specifically to foreign invaders.
      - Spleen-The spleen has some important functions: it fights invading germs in the blood (the spleen contains infection-fighting white blood cells) it controls the level of blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets) it filters the blood and removes any old or damaged red blood cells.
      - Peyer's Patches-Peyer's patches are small masses of lymphatic tissue found throughout the ileum region of the small intestine. Also known as aggregated lymphoid nodules, they form an important part of the immune system by monitoring intestinal bacteria populations and preventing the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines.
- - - - Skin-a physical wall that keeps foreign agents out
      - Hair- in hasal cavity traps inhaled particles
      - cilia-in respiratory tract sweeps dust and bacteria
    - - earwax-traps foreign particle
      - sebum-oils in hair toxic to bacteria
      - vaginal secretion-are very acidic to kill bacteria
      - stomach mucosa-secretes hydrochloric acid
      - saliva-tears contain lysozymes (enzymes that kill bacteria)
  - - - phagocytes-type of white blood cells like neutrophis and macrophages engulf and destroy foreignmaterial
      - natural killer cells-found in both lymph and blood cells
    - - triggered when body tissue are injured and histamine is released
      - heat-pyrogens released, causes temperature to rise
      - swelling-capillaries dilate, blood containing WBC rush to injured area
      - pain-pain receptors activated
- - - - Secondary immune deficiencies or acquired deficiencies, more frequent than primary immune deficiencies, are problems of the immune system that are not genetic and which are caused by external factors.