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Social and Domestic Policies in Authoritarian States - Coggle Diagram
Social and Domestic Policies in Authoritarian States
Women
Fascist Italy
One of the largest aspects that women were meant to deliver on was giving birth to children. So much so that they would be given medals and even sometimes get to meet Mussolini if they had enough children.
Mussolini wanted a bigger population.
Communist China
China was the most unlike the other two states, in that it encouraged women to get jobs and contribute to the Great Leap Forward and other campaigns Mao started.
There still weren't women in politics, but the Marriage and Dowry laws were abolished and foot binding was made illegal
Nazi Germany
A huge part of women's roles in the perfect Nazi society were taking care of the house, being good wives and giving birth to and raising children.
Later on they were also sent to work in factories once the war got desperate enough, but ideally they were meant to stay at home.
Children and Education
Communist China
Unlike Germany and Italy, Mao didn't want women to stay at home with the children and take care of them; he needed them in the field working. He set up communal daycares and kindergartens so women would be free to work.
In every classroom was a picture of Mao and once they Little Red Book started being mass produced, children were expected to carry it with them at all times (massive indoctrination campaign)
Fascist Italy
Mussolini knew children were the cornerstone of the future of Fascist Italy so he took special care (much like hitler) in the type of education they recieved.
Religious education was compulsory
Mussolini's picture was hung up in every school --> Cult of Personality was formed.
Were taught very aggressive lessons: Boys were meant to perceive fight and war as "natural", just as girls were supposed to view childbirth as natural and their destiny.
Nazi Germany
It was really important to Hitler that children receive the "proper" education, or essentially indoctrination so that the Third Reich could last a hundred years.
Hitler established things like the HItler Youth Groups that children were required to join at age 10 to further indoctrinate them. (only boys of course).
The girls were also required to attend groups like the Hitler Youth, but those focused more on domestic activities and preparing the young girls for motherhood.
Economics
Nazi Germany
Trade Unions were all banned --> a big one was created (DAF)
They wanted to become an autarky and strengthen their economy, dropping unemployment and inflation to very low levels.
In regards to those last two they were pretty successful, though they never became a full autarky and even what they did accomplish did not last long.
Fascist Italy
The Battle for the Lira: Mussolini wanted to bring the monetary system under control (for example inflation) --> mostly successful.
Communist China
The Great Leap forward and the 5 Years plans were all geared towards making China a super power in the industrial sector.
The First 5 Year plan was a success and China saw a great increase in steel and coal production, including most other sectors of the industry.
The Great Leap forward was catastrophic, and the backyard furnaces did not work nearly as well as Mao had hoped. In addition, the attempt at communes and other communist policies left most peasants without food and millions starved.
Culture
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany signed a Concordat with the Catholic Church that allowed HItler to increase his power in Germany without the opposition of the catholic church.
There was mass censorship of press, videos and more.
Naturally the Nazis went after minorities like the Jews, but they actually persecuted a bunch of other minorities like Slavs, Gypsies, Homosexuals and more. Essentially if they were a minority they were probably targeted,
Eugenics programs
Sterilization
Mass Extermination/Concentration Camps
Fascist Italy
Mussolini struggled a lot getting the Catholic Church on his side, or at least removing them from the equation. Some historians say he never fully achieved this.
Religious education was made compulsory in all schools.
Some censorship of media, but mostly the ones that were outwardly against Mussolini and the Fascists like newspapers or radio stations.
Communist China
Communist China persecuted the Buddhists
There was a lot of censorship of almost literally every aspect of the media and even people's personal lives.