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CHAPTER 6 : INNOVATIVE SYSTEM (E-GOVERNEMT, E-LEARNING, COLLABORATIVE…
CHAPTER 6 : INNOVATIVE SYSTEM (E-GOVERNEMT, E-LEARNING, COLLABORATIVE COMMERCE AND C2C COMMERCE)
E-Government :
E-government has been employed to mean everything from ‘online government services’’ to ‘exchange of information and services electronically with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government’.
Traditionally, e-government has been considered as the use of ICTs for improving the efficiency of government agencies and providing government services online.
Later, the framework of e-government has broadened to include use of ICT by government for conducting a wide range of interactions with citizens and businesses as well as open government data and use of ICTs to enable innovation in governance.
G2G
Government-to-Government (G2G) involves sharing data and conducting electronic exchanges between governmental actors. This involves both intra- and inter-agency exchanges at the national level, as well as exchanges between the national, provincial, and local levels.
G2B
Government-to-Business (G2B) involves business-specific transactions (e.g. payments, sale and purchase of goods and services) as well as provision on line of business-focussed services.
G2C
Government-to-Consumer / Citizen (G2C) involves initiatives designed to facilitate people’s interaction with government as consumers of public services and as citizens
E-learning, virtual universities and e-training :
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Virtual university
A virtual university provides higher education programs through electronic media, typically the Internet.
Some are bricks-and-mortar institutions that provide online learning as part of their extended university courses while others solely offer online courses.
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E-training
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Involves the use of a computer or any other electronic device to provide training or educational material
E-training is the convergence of the internet and learning, or Internet-enabled learning.
Knowledge management :
A knowledge management system is any kind of IT system that stores and retrieves knowledge to improve understanding, collaboration, and process alignment.
Knowledge management systems can exist within organizations or teams, but they can also be used to center your knowledge base for your users or customers.
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E-books :
E-book, in full electronic book, digital file containing a body of text and images suitable for distributing electronically and displaying on-screen in a manner similar to a printed book
E-books can be created by converting a printer’s source files to formats optimized for easy downloading and on-screen reading, or they can be drawn from a database or a set of text files that were not created solely for print.
Collaborative Commerce :
Electronically enabled business interactions among an enterprise's internal personnel, business partners and customers throughout a trading community
The trading community could be an industry, industry segment, supply chain or supply chain segment.
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C2C Activities :
C2C represents a market environment where one customer purchases goods from another customer using a third-party business or platform to facilitate the transaction.
C2C companies are a type of business model that emerged with e-commerce technology and the sharing economy.
In a way that has the potential to change their preferences, actual purchase behavior, or the way they further interact with others.