Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Vanessa Rangel Lymphatic/Immune System - Coggle Diagram
Vanessa Rangel Lymphatic/Immune System
Major functions
Lymphatic system,
removes excess fluids from body tissue, by absorbing fatty acids and production of immune cells
protects body from illnesses and diseases from entering
removal of cellular waste
Immune system
protects body from damaging agents
sets stage for tissue repair to occur
cells that help body be protected from disease.
Anatomy of Lymphatic
lymph nodes- filter excess fluid (lymph) through lymphatic system
spleen- found in upper left abdomen, protects body from worn out red blood cells
tonsils- located in phalangeal area stop germs from entering through mouth
thymus- stores immature T cells and prepares them to destroy infected cells
Peyer's patches- found in small intestine and prevents bacteria growth
Cells involved in immune system
Types of T cells= Helper (recruits immune system), Killer(attacks infected cells), Suppressor( release chemicals) and memory T cells(long term immunity)
Phagocytes- type of white blood cells like (neutrophils and macrophages) engulf and destroy foreign substances
Natural killer cells- found in both lymph and blood and can lyse and kill cancer cells
B cells- produce antibodies, chemicals to carry out defense
Macrophages- can digest pathogens
T cells- recognize and bind to infected/cancerous cells
Antigens and antibodies
Antigens
substance that sparks activation of the immune system
Ex. Allergies like pollen foreign proteins and large carbohydrates
Antibodies
made of 4 amino acid chain linked by disulfide bond
aka "immunoglobulin"
carried in body fluids, can bind to antigens
used for research, clinical testing, and disease diagnosis
Disorders associated in immune system
Lupus- disease attacks body tissues including lungs
diabetes- attacks cells and other organs
arthritis- targets and causes swelling in joints
aids/HIV- infection that destroys white blood cells
asthma- causes allergies and trouble breathing
Humoral Response/Cellular Response
Humoral Response
Also known as "Antibody-mediated immunity
Antibodies defend against infection
Both B and T cells have receptor proteins to bind to antigens
Primary humoral response
First exposure to antigen
binding activates lymphocytes to go through "cloning"
"cloning" is main part of primary humoral response
Secondary humoral response
antigen is reintroduced in future
main purpose=destroy pathogen before infection symptoms occur
memory cells are activated and produce antibodies
refers to body fluids defending against infection rather than cells
Cellular Response
aka "cell mediated response"
killer (cytotoxic)cells defend against infection in ALREADY infected cells
Lymphocytes mature in thymus=T cells
Innate(natural)immune defenses/ Adaptive(acquired)immune defenses
Innate immunity
Instant response to foreign substances
short-lasting (does not retain memory)
first line of defense
(surface membrane/ skin, hair, nasal cavities)
physical barrier prevents foreign agents from entering body
second line of defense
Sebum- oils in hair = toxic to bacteria
create inflammatory response and fever to kill and help repair tissue damage
body uses cells to prevent further entry agents
Adaptive immunity
Acquired, awaits days for response of cell
Autoregulation
has memory, recognizes pathogen and creates a stronger/faster attackl
recognizes and acts against particular /specific foreign substance