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Lymphatic/ImmuneSystem Josue alviar period 2 - Coggle Diagram
Lymphatic/ImmuneSystem
Josue alviar period 2
functions of the Lymphatic & Immune systems
Immune system functions as the body's defense against infectious pathogens
antigens are substances on the surface of cells, viruses,fungi, or bacteria
the immune system protects the body from possibly harmful substances by recognizing and responding to antigens
lymphatic system- comprised of a network of vessels that assist the circulation of body fluids
drain excess fluid from the tissue
return clean fluids and leaked proteins back to the blood
play an essential role in body defenses resistance to diseases
anatomy of the lymphatic system
lymphatic tissue contains lymphocytes macrophages and other cells
lymphatic organs
lymph nodes, thymus, spleen
lymph nodules
compact masses of lymphatic tissue
tonsils ,appendix, peyers's patches
lymph- fluid carried by the lymphatic vessels
Innate(natural)immune defenses
Pathogens- disease causing agents that can cause infections within the body
innate defense - born with
Species resistance- a species is resistant to diseases that affect other species
mechanical barriers- unbroken skin and mucous membrane of the body create mechanical (physical) barriers that prevent entry of certain pathogens
chemical Barriers- higly acidic and caustic environment provided by gastric juice or lysosome in tears kills pathogens
Natural killer (NK) cells - a type of lymphocyte that defends the body various viruses and cancer cells
Inflammation- a tissue response to a pathogen
Phagocytosis- the most active phagocytes are neutrophils and monocytes; these leave the bloodstream at ares of injury
fever- powerful protections against infections by interfering with proper conditions that promotes bacterial growth
Humoral response and cellular response
deals with antigens from pathogens
Cellular immunity occurs inside infected cells and is mediated by T lymphocytes.
Humoral is when T cells, B cells will differentiate into plasma B cells that can produce antibodies against a specific antigen
Antigens and antibodies
antigen- basically anything that can cause an immune response
can be an entire pathogen or part of it
proteins, polysaccharides, glycoproteins or glycolipids that can trigger an immune response
antibodies- a protein made by plasma cells in response to a antigen
each antibody can bind to only one specific antigen
the purpose of this binding is to help destroy the antigen
Cells involved in the immune system
t-cells cause direct destruction of the virus invaded cells and mutant cells
B-cells- secrete antibodies that indirectly lead to the destruction of foreign material
Disorders associated with the Immune system
HIV is a virus AIDS is a stage and not a disease
HIV- Human immunodeficiency virus
HIV transmission
unprotected sexual contact
sharing internalized needles or syringes
during pregnancy or breast feeding through mother
blood transfusions
AIDS- Aquiried immune deficiency Syndrome
the virus kills or impairs more and more cells in the immune system and the body loses the ability to fight off the common infections
Adaptive(acquired)immune defenses
Develops slowly (takes time)
This is the body's 3rd line of defense