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Lymph/Immune System Brenda Alcaraz P.1 - Coggle Diagram
Lymph/Immune System Brenda Alcaraz P.1
types of defenses
innate
2nd line of defense
antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes, and other
non specficic
1st line of defense
external body membranes
surface barriers
skin
mucous membrane
internal defenses
natural killer cels
phagoctyes
inflammation
antimicrobial proteins
fever
adaptive
specific
recognizes and targets specific antigens
3rd line of defense
attacks particularf foreign substances
humoral immunity
b cells
cellular immunity
t cells
systematic
not restricted to initial site
memory
mounts an even stronger attack to “known” antigens
Major Function
Lymphatic
removes debris from cells of body
transports fats from digestive system
drains excess fluids from tissue
produces lymph to protect and defend body from infection
transports clean fluids back to blood
Immune system
innate and adaptive system defenses
functional system
provides resistance to disease
eliminates almost any pathogen or abnormal cell in body
regulation and protect
preserving the integrity of the body
types of responses
Humoral
b cells
Bind temporarily to target cell
marks for destruction
active response
B cells encounter antigens & produce specific antibodies against them
artificially acquired
vaccine of dead/ attenuated pathogens
natural acquired
bacterial or viral infection
passive response
ready-made antibodies introduced into body
naturally acquired
antibodies delivered to fetus via placenta or to infant through milk
artificially acquired
injection of serum
cellular
t cells
Lymphocytes act against target cell
directly
killing infected cells
indirectly
release chemicals that enhance inflammatory response/ activation of other lymph
Anatomy of the lymphatic system
secondary lymphoid organs
2, tonsils
nose
mouth
spleen
cleanses blood
removes aged or defective RBC
1.lymph nodes
cleanse lymphs
sire for lymphocyte activation and prolife
appendix
malt
prevent pathogens penetration's of mucous
aggregated lymphoid nodules SI
peyer's patches
primary lymphoid organs
thymus
T cell maturation
Red bone marrow
disorders
Hodgkin’s disease
causes cancer of B cells, which depresses lymph node cells
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome
genetic defect with marked deficit in B and T cells
AIDS
reduction in the numbers of CD4-bearing helper T cells to 20 percent or less of normal
Immunodeficiency
congenital that impair function/ production of immune cells/ molecules
HIV
interfering with activity of helper T cells
Autoimmune disease
loses ability to distinguish self from foreign
Autoimmunity
production of autoantibodies and sensitized TCcells that destroys body tissues
antigens vs antibodies
antibodies
binding specifically with antigen detected by B cells
T or Y shaped antibody
proteins secreted by plasma cells
antibody classes
Five major classes: IgM, IgA, IgD, IgG, and IgE
inactivate and tag antigens
defensive mechanism
Precipitation
Agglutination
Complement fixation
Neutralization
antigens
mobilize adaptive defenses
provoke an immune response
Targets of all adaptive
large, complex
completeantigen or hapten(
antigentic determinants
Can be a self-antigen
covers variety of proteins located on surface that are not antigenic to self, but may be antigenic to others
Cells Involved
antigen presenting cells ; capture of antigens for display
dendrites
initiation of t cell
macrophages
effector phase for cellular
b cells
helper T cell
t reg
CD4 and CD8
effector cells: elimination of antigens
t lymph
activation of photctyes, kill infected cells
macrophages
phagocytotic and killing microbes
granulocytes
killing microbes
1.lymphocytes: specific recognition
t lymph
mediators of cell mediated community
b lyph
mediators of humoral