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Lymphatic/Immune System Karen…
Lymphatic/Immune System Karen Tellez A&P P.6
Immune System
Functions: Body's defense against infectious pathogens. Also keeps pathogens out and attacks those that do enter the body.
Innate Defenses
Responds Rapidly
You are born with it
Includes special resistance, mechanical barriers, chemical barriers, natural killer cells, inflammation, phagocytes and fever.
Adaptive Defenses
Develop slowly
Body learns this during lifetime
carried out by lymphocytes that recognize a specific invader
Humoral Response
Mechanism: antibody mediated
Cell type: B lymphocytes
Mode of action: antibodies circulating in serum
Purpose : primary defense against extra cellular pathogens extra cellular bacteria , circulating viruses
Cellular Response
Activities t cells interact directly with antigen bearing cells and such cell to cell contact is called cellular immune response
Cell type is T lymphocytes
Mode of action direct cell to cell contact or secreted soluble products
Purpose primary defense against intracellular pathogens: viruses and fungi intracellular bacteria
Mechanism: Cell Mediated
Lymphatic System
Function: Return clean fluids and leaked proteins back to the blood. Drains excess fluid from tissue. Also plays a part in defense of the body and resistance to diseases.
Anatomy: Comprised of a network if vessels that assist in the circulation of body fluids. Lymphatic vessels collect and carry away excess fluid from interstitial space and special vessels called lacteals,
Lymphatic Tissue and Organs
Lymphocytes,macrophages, and other cells.
Organs are spleen, thymus and lymph nodes.
Spleen lies in upper left abdominal cavity and is the body's largest lymphatic organ. Basically a large lymph node, contains blood instead of lymph. It's job is to filter the blood and remove damaged blood cells and bacteria
Thymus is located behind the sternum above the heart. It's function is to secrete hormones called thymosins which regulates of T lymphocyte development.
Lymph nodes contain macrophages and lymphocytes, It is located along lymphatic vessels. They clean the node as it flows through the node
Lymph: Fluid carried by the lymphatic vessels. Harmful materials are destroyed or removed.
Materials like : Bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, cekk debris
Antigen
Soluble protein secreted by plasma cells , they are carried by body fluids and are capable of binding specifically to antigens. Five major types of antibodies: lgG,IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE
Antibodies
Proteins, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, or glycolipids that can trigger an immune response.
Cells of The Immune System
Neutrophils
Neutrophils engulf smaller particles
Phagocytic Cells
Phagocytic cells attack with greater vigor when the temperature rises
Macrophages
Macrophages become fixed in carrots tissues , remove foreign particles from lymph
Cytotoxic Cells
Cytotoxic t cells continually monitor the body cells tick-tocking and eliminating tumor cells and virus infected cells
Lymphocytes
T- Cells
T cells synthesize and secrete cytokines that will enhance cellular response to antigens
Natural Killer Cells
a lymphocyte that defend the body against various viruses and cancer cells
Disorders Associated with Immune System
HIV
Human, Immunodeficiency virus
HIV is a virus that can be contracted within blood products, like organs tissue, sexual intercource IDU's or be passed by a parent.
AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
A virus that kills and impairs more and more cells, the body eventually looses ability to fight off the virus.