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Lymph immune System - Joanna Barrios- Period:1 - Coggle Diagram
Lymph immune System - Joanna Barrios- Period:1
Innate & Adaptive immune defenses
Innate (nonspecific) defenses
first and second lines of defense
1st line of defense - skin barriers like external body membranes (skin and mucosae)
2nd line of defense - internal defenses like antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes, and other cells
Adaptive (specific) defenses
Third line of defense attacks particular foreign substances
Humoral Immunity - recognizes antigen or any foreign particle and produces antibodies against it.
Cellular Immunity - secretes cytokines and no antibodies to attack the pathogens.
1st line of defense
Keratin is resistant to weak acids and bases, bacterial enzymes, and toxins
Skin and mucous membranes produce protective chemicals that inhibit or destroy microorganisms
2nd line of defense
recognizes and binds tightly to structures on microbes, disarming them before they do harm
Phagocytes - white blood cells that ingest and digest foreign invaders
Natural Killer (NK) Cells- Attack cells that lack “self” cell-surface receptors
inflammation - Prevents spread of damaging agents, disposes of cell debris and pathogens, alerts adaptive immune system, sets the stage for repair
Humoral response & cellular response
Humoral response
antibody-mediated immunity
helper T cells help B cells differentiate into plasma B cells that can produce antibodies against a specific antigen.
deals with antigens from pathogens that are freely circulating, or outside the infected cells
Antibodies produced by B cells bind to antigens, neutralizing them, or causing lysis or phagocytosis.
Cellular response
occurs inside infected cells and is mediated by T lymphocytes
Lymphocytes act against target cell
Responds directly by killing infected cells
responds Indirectly by releasing chemicals that enhance inflammatory response; or activating other lymphocytes or macrophages
Major Functions of Lympathic & Immune System
Lympathic System
Maintains fluid levels in your body, it collects excess fluid that drains from cells and tissue throughout the body and returns it to the bloodstream.
Absorbs fats from the digestive tract
Protects your body against foreign invaders since it is part of the immune system it produces and releases lymphocytes and other immune cells that monitor and then destroy the foreign invaders.
Transports and removes waste products and abnormal cells from the lymph.
Immune System
The immune system is a complex network of cells and proteins that defends the body against infection.
fights pathogens which are disease causing germs like bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi, and removes them from the body.
recognizes and neutralizes harmful substances from the environment
fights disease causing changes in the body like cancer cells.
Keeps a record of every microbe it has ever defeated so it can recognize and destroy the microbe quickly if it enters the body again.
Anatomy of lympathic system
lympathic organs
Spleen - located on the left side under the ribs and above the stomach. The spleen filters and stores blood and produces white blood cells that fight infection or disease.
Thymus - located in the upper chest beneath the breast bone. It matures a specific type of white blood cell that fights off foreign organisms.
Tonsils - trap pathogens from the food you eat and air you breathe.
Bone marrow - soft, spongy tissue in the center of certain bones, white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets are made in the bone marrow.
Peyer’s patches - small masses of lymphatic tissue in the mucous membrane that lines your small intestine, they monitor and destroy bacteria in the intestines.
Appendix - contains lymphoid tissue that can destroy bacteria before it breaches the intestine wall during absorption.
other parts
Lymph - a collection of the extra fluid that drains from cells and tissues.
Lymph nodes - glands that monitor and cleanse the lymphatic fluid as it filters through them. The nodes filter out the damaged cells and cancer cells.
Lymphatic vessels - the network of capillaries and large network of tubes located throughout the body that transport lymphatic fliud away from tissues.
Antigens and antibodies
Cells involved in the immune system
Disorders associated with the Immune System