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Bio Molecules, Screen Shot 2021-03-18 at 5.59.47 PM, Screen Shot 2021-03…
Bio Molecules
Enzymes
Role: Enzymes create chemical reactions in the body, speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction to help support life like building muscle. (Growth, breathing, healing, diseases, blood coagulation, digestion, reproduction.)
How: By binding molecules and holding them so the chemical bond-breaking and bond-forming processes take place more steadily and speeds up (acts like a catalyst)
Proteases: Break proteins into smaller pieces. It is also called peptidase or proteinase, is an enzyme that catalyzes (increases the rate of) proteolysis meaning the breakdown of proteins into single amino acids or smaller polypeptides.
Carbohydrases is the set of enzymes, it turns carbohydrates to sugar
Lipases: Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids (help digest)
Digestion and Circulation of Blood: Enzymes (stomach acid and bile) break down food molecules in digestion, absorbed in the small intestines walls. This brings it up to the blood stream and the circulatory system will pump blood around the body to bring proteins and nutrients (amino acids, monosaccharids, fatty acids) in cells
Amino Acids
Composed Of: Molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group, and a side-chain. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
Found In: Animal proteins like meat, eggs and poultry
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Used For: Building blocks of proteins, for vital processes like building proteins, neurotransmitters and synthesis of hormones
Carbohydrates
Composed Of: Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
Found In: Healthy and unhealthy food like bread, bean, soft drinks, pasta, candy and milk. Cells, liver, muscles, nervous system
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Used For: Energy, primary fuel (whole body: cells/glucose, muscles, liver, nervous system)
Lipids (fats)
Composed Of: Two parts - Glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acid tails.
Found In: Blood, heart, cell membrane, fat cells (oil, butter)
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Used For: Healthy diet, energy store, insulation, protection of organs and the creation of cell membranes.
Proteins
Composed Of: The building block is amino acids
Found In: Muscles, digestive enzymes and plants and animal sources (meat, egg, lean meat, eggs, fish, dairy, seeds, nuts)
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Used For: Repairing body tissues, metabolic reactions, to coordinate body functions, muscle development, immune system, energy as well as maintaining proper pH and fluid balance
Monosaccharides
Composed Of: Carbon atoms attached to hydroxyl atoms and oxygen.
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Found In: Cytosol (corn, peas and some fruits)
Used For: Produce and store energy
Fatty Acids
Composed Of: Even number of carbon and hydrogen atoms
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Found In: Fruits, nuts, vegetable oils, seeds
Used For: Energy for muscles, heart, and cell membrane
Nucleic Acid
Used For: Carries information, DNA (info on cell, organism traits)
Found In: Nucleus of a cell, DNA, RNA, living organisms
Composed of: Monomers, Nucleotides (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus)
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Polymers: A substance made up of similar smaller molecules linking together through a process named covalent bonds to form a larger molecule (carbohydrate, lipids, protein, nucleic acid, chain of monomers.
Monomers: A building block the smaller molecule that can bond with other same molecules to form a polymer (glucose, amino acid, fatty acids, monosaccharides )
Angelica :<3:
