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Perfect aspect - Coggle Diagram
Perfect aspect
Past tense
Verb forms
Verb past participle
Situation
An action that happened before another past action
Key words
before….
by the time….
by…..
Auxiliar
Had
Present tense
Present perfect
Auxiliar
Have
Has
Key words
No time expressions for past actions.
Verb forms
Verb in past participle.
Situations
Actions at indefinite time in the past.
Present perfect continous
Key words
Since 1986, for 33 years,
already, yet, just, once...twice...many times before.
Verb forms
Verb + ing
Auxiliar
Have been
Has been
Situations
Actions that began in the past and continue to the present.
Future tense
Future perfect
Key words
This time next year, in 2020.
Verb forms
Verb past participle
Auxiliar
Will + have
Situation
An action in progress at a specific time in the future.