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SOCIOLOGICAL THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES, CONCEPTS - Coggle Diagram
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
FUNCTIONALISM
integration of institutions to promote solidarity and stability
social structures
social functions
Merton
manifest functions
latent functions
social dysfunctions
key theories
ecological theory
modern social systems theory
Durkheim
structural functionalism
cohesion
general values and norms
integration
functionalist analysis
social solidarity
mechanical soldarity
cohesion through morality and sameness
organic solidarity
cohesion through specialisation and interdependence
restitutive law
Durkheim's dilemma
expansion of modern society
personal freedom
technological power
receding morality
increased danger of anomie
Auguste Comte
positivism
rejected by critical sociology
Herbert Spencer
interdependent workings of social structures
moral survival of the fittest
social stratification
motivation for occupational position
meritocracy
CONFLICT THEORY
key theories
feminist theories
anti-racist theories
queer theories
postcolonial theories
hegemony
critical theory
Karl Marx
realism
epistemology
mode of production
social conflict
class consciousness
alienation
family creates generational wealth and opportunity
differences and inequalities generate conflict and change
culture is for the upper class
SOCIAL ACTION THEORY
key theories
action theory
symbolic interactionism
phenomenological sociology
constructionism
Max Weber
value-free research
alienation
iron cage
increase in goal-rational action at the expense of value-rational action
social stratification
economic inequality, status, and power
Erving Goffman
role theory
normative behaviour is goal-oriented
dramaturgical analysis
symbolic interactions
emerging meanings of social interaction in specific situations
interactionism paradigm
CONCEPTS
SCIENCE
Weber
value-free science
Verstehen
Francis Bacon
the inductive way
more knowledge about the world
more control over nature
PRAGMATISM
Charles Peirce
people are concerned with relief of irritation
belief fixation
tenacity
authority
a priori
science
John Dewey
thinking is relief of doubt
stable equilibrium
solving problems
Charles Darwin
dogmatic
critical
axiomatic
scientific
science as tool
coping
helps take away uncertainty and human suffering
evades philosophical problems
William James
relatum
all entities are in a web of relations to other objects
CRIME
Durkheim
enhances social cohesion
harbinger of new morality
Merton
strain theory of deviance
conventional means
conformity
ritualism
cultural goals
conformity
innovation
retreatism
rebellion
new means and new goals
Sutherland
white collar crime
Anomie
goals and conventional means to achieve this are not consistent
higher risk of crime
RELIGION
Durkheim
collective conscience
regulates behaviour
strengthens social cohesion
ECONOMY
Durkheim
specialisation led to efficiency
population growth
George Ritzer
Mcdonaldisation
SUICIDE
Durkheim
weakening of solidarity
less integrated in intermediate groups
anomie
ALIENATION
commodity fetishism
alienation of our products
CULTURE
Bourdieu
education
social reproduction
cultural reproduction
systematic bias against working class