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MULTI-STORE MEMORY MODEL - Coggle Diagram
MULTI-STORE MEMORY MODEL
Atkinson and Shiffrin
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The model describes how information flows through the memory system. The model suggests that memory is made up of three stores linked by processing.
Sensory register.
This information is held in difference registers- one for each sense: eyes, ears, nose, fingers, tongue, etc.
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Coding for each store is modality-specific meaning, it depends on the type of sense.
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Duration.
The Duration of material in the sensory register is very brief usually, less than half a second.
Attention.
Information only passes beyond the sensory register is you pay attention to it. Therefore, if a person's attention is focused on one of the sensory stores, then the data is transferred t4o short term memory.
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Short term memory.
- Information is held in STM so it can be used for immediate tasks, such as remembering the directions to a friend's house.
- STM is coded mainly acoustically and lasts about 18 seconds unless rehearsed.
- STM is a temporary store.
- It is in a 'fragile' state
- STM has a limited capacity store because it can only contain a certain number of 'things' before forgetting occurs.
- Information will also disappear from STM if new information enters the STM.
- The idea that information is displacing the original info.
Maintenance rehearsal.
Repetition keeps information in STM but eventually such repetition will create a LTM. Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed a direct relationship between rehearsal in STM and strength of the LTM.
Long term memory.
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It is believed that LTM's duration may be up to a lifetime. Supported by Bahrick et al who found that people could remember the names of the classmates 50 years later.
Retrieval.
The process of getting information from LTM involves the information passing back through STM. It is then available for use.