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Peripheral Vascular Disease - Coggle Diagram
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Manifestations
Arterial insufficiency
Aching/numbness
Pain with walking
Cool extremities
Calf Pain
Thinning skin
progresses to pain on resting
hair loss on affected extremity
Venous insufficency
Edema
impaired tissue nutrition
tired/heavy legs
brown pigmentation
loss of muscle strength and mass
Stasis dermatitis (thin, shiny, bluish brown skin)
leg cramps
Diagnostic Tests
Arterial Insufficiency
inspection of limbs for ischema
Doppler ultrasound
Blood pressure at various levels in limb
MRI
CT
invasive contrast angiography
Venous Insufficiency
physical exam
labs: D-Dimer (determines clot formation/breakdown)
ultrasound
venography
Risk Factors
Arterial Insufficiency
Atherosclerosis
Diabetes mellitus
Cigarettte smoking
Older Age
Family History
Elevated LDL
Hypercholesterolemia
Males
Postmenopausal women
Obesity
HTN
Venous Insufficiency
genetic predisposition
50 yo
women
sedentary lifestyle
occupational standing/sitting
obesity
pregnancy
smoking
oral contraceptives
Pathology
Arterial Insufficiency
Fibrofatty lesions lining vessels
Plaques
Lesions
Inflammation
Venous Insufficiency
Increased hydrostatic pressure
incompetent valves
deep vein obstructions
Decreased skeletal muscle pump function
low venous pressure
Treatment
Arterial Insufficiency
Reduce underlying causes
Reduce risk factors
Antiplatelet agents
Statins
Stents
Allow tissues to heal
Prevention is best
Venous Insufficiency
manage underlying conditions/risk factors
elevate legs
heparin/warfarin prophylaxis
compression stockings
sclerotherapy
emboli filter by heart
Complications
Arterial insufficiency
Ischema
tissue necrosis
Plaque rupture
Thrombosis
Venous Insufficency
tissue necrosis
skin atrophy
lymphatic insufficency
chronic leg ulcers
varicose veins
DVT