For most immigrants, however, their mother tongue is not the majority or dominant language spoken in the destination. An immigrant who does not know the dominant language might find a lan- guage-minority enclave within which mother-tongue skills can be fruitfully used. A language-minority enclave may, however, limit training oppor- tunities and job mobility, whether it is geographic, occupational, or em- ployer mobility, and thereby limit earnings opportunities. Furthermore, greater dominant-language skills would enhance productivity in the enclave and the nonenclave labor market by increasing efficiency in job search and through greater productivity on the job. There is, therefore, a labor market incentive to acquire dominant-language skill ((Chiswick, 1991 S. 2)