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Challenge 3 - The UK's Landscape Challenges, (look at teams for…
Challenge 3 - The UK's Landscape Challenges
National Parks in the UK-
How they are being managed
Mantaing the traditional countryside and addressing youth employment
Creations of conservation apprentices to encourage young people to continue living in national parks and rural areas.
encourage people to change their transport habits and try to reduce amounts of Co2 emissions
encourage businesses to open in the countryside
Sustainable management of tourism in the Lake District
Footpaths
Managed by stone pitching or soil inversions
economically sustainable- most work via volunteers to save costs
socially- volunteers feel connected to landscape
environmentally- footpath erosion, vegetation is damaged
Holiday Homes
Managed by- local occupancy cause- in order to buy a house you have to prove you will work and live in the lake disctrict
Economically- houses still being bought/ sold
Socially- keep community's and maintains local services e.g. schools
Environmentally- fewer second homes means fewer people driving to the Lake District
Traffic Congestion
Managed by the creation of cycle lane and charging stations for electric cars, buses
Economcally- jobs were created in doing this work
socially sustaibale- heath beinifits
environmentally- 7.8% reduction in carbon emissions
3 main reasons why flood risk is going to increase
Building on a flood plain
Increasing population means a demand for new houses, flood risk will increase as more people/ houses will be affected.
Increasing impermeable surfaces
Water is able to flow faster and the water will not be taken in by these surfaces
Climate change
Ice is meting causing sea level to rise, climate is hotter causing more evaporation and this leads to heavier/ more frequent precipitation
Defence methods
Hard engineering.
Embankments, Channelisation, Flood relief channels and Dams and reserviors
Soft engineering
Washlands, River restoration, Flood plan zoning
Sea walls
Hard engineering- concrete walls 3-5M high. Built on the food of cliffs or at top of beach. some times they are curves and this reflects sea energy back into the water, walls last longer
Managed retreat
Houses next to the sea are knocked down and re built further inland. New defecnes are added infant to protect homes from rising sea level. Area in front of the land where houses were become salt marshes which also absorb sea energy
Negatives- land is lost and there is less farmland. Also there is a lose of costal communities
Advantages- effective of absorbing wave energy, creates habitats for birds and animals
attratcs tousism
Embankments- Advantages- afer from flooding, the channel now has an increased carrying capacity, so it is less likely to burst.
Disadvantages- They have a higher
maintenance cost as they are prone to erosion.
look at teams for advantages and disadvantegs