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Coordenation - Coggle Diagram
Coordenation
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The endocrine system consists of glands that produce hormones and release them into the blood. They are therefore sometimes called "chemical messengers". .
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Hypothalamus: is a part of the brain. It receives messages from receptors and monitors conditions such as temperature, hunger and thirst. It controls the production of hormones in the other glands, including the pituitary gland.
Adrenal glands: are on top of the kidneys. They produce adrenaline when we are angry or scared. This hormone prepares our body for action.
Pituitary gland produces many hormones, including:
- growth hormone
- hormones that control when eggs
are released from the ovaries
- anti-diuretic hormone (controls the amount of water in the blood)
Thyroid gland: produces thyroxine, which controls the rate of metabolism thymus.
The ovaries: (in females) produce oestrogen. This hormone causes changes in girls during puberty (it also helps to control the menstrual cycle).
The pancreas: produces the hormones insulin and glucagon, which control the level of sugar in the blood.
The testes: (in males) produce testosterone, which causes changes in boys during puberty (it also controls sperm production).
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NERVOUS SYSTEM
Coordinates our response in a variety of situations, but particularly where we need to react very quickly.
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MENTAL ILLNESS
Are medical conditions that affect a person's thinking, feelings, moods and/or ability to relate to others.
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ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY: Often affect children, but they can also affect teenagers and adults.
DEPRESSION: The symptoms of depression may include feeling sad or hopeless, and not enjoying things that you used to enjoy.
PROBLEMS WITH THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Is too much or too little of a hormone in the body, it can cause various problems (see the avamples below). There are various reasons why this can happen.
For example:
• not enough hormone is produced
- the body's feedback system is not working properly • he hormone is not removed from the blood quickly enough
THYROID PROBLEMS
Overactive thyroid produces too much thyroxine. This speeds up the body's metabolism, leading to symptoms such as nervousness, hyperactivity and weight loss. The opposite problem is an underactive thyroid.
DIABETES
type 1
Usually starts in childhood. The body stops producing insulin, so the blood sugar level can rise dangerously. Type 1 diabetes can be controlled by injecting insulin before meals.
type 2
Affects older people. Either too little insulin is produced, or the insulin doesn't work properly. Overweight or obese people are most at risk of type 2 diabetes.
REGULATING BLOOD SUGAR
Glucose in our blood provides us with energy. However, too much glucose can be harmful, so our body stores excess glucose as glycogen. Our blood sugar level (the amount of glucose in the blood)
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COORDINATION - SUMMARY
you have learned about our two coordination systems: the nervous and endocrine
this incluide:
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• how we respond to stimuli, including voluntary actions and reflexes
• the parts of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord and nerves
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POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a long-term feeling
of anxiety caused by very stressful or frightening events.
PTSD can be caused by many things, including:
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• seeing people being deliberately killed, for example in a
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