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Unit 9: WWI and Revolution - Coggle Diagram
Unit 9: WWI and Revolution
Theme 4: Political
Russian Revolution:
overall causes (1917):
huge losses on battle field
sacrifice of resources and starvation of Russian people on home front
calls for change
february (1917)
government was hostile toward liberal reform
Rasputin was causing damage to monarchy's reputation
ended monarchy
queen was of German birth, wasn't trusted and accused of being a "German sympathizer"
specific causes:
military defeats
demoralization of army
plight of refugees
economic hardships
lack of understanding of objectives about the war
food shortages
government incapable of dealing with emergencies
disallusionment
november (1917)
bolsheviks and Lenin taking power away from provisional government
red (bolshevik) vs white army
Peace, Land, and Bread
specific causes
Lenin's return to Russia
Bolshevik upheavel
food shortages
1918
living conditions were horrible
Kaiser Wilhelm II flees Germany
Friedrich Ebert leader of social Democratic Party takes over
Ebert signs peace treaty which gets Russia out of war
Theme 6: Social
ideologies
militant patriotism
the futurists (Italy)
Marxist
history was the story of class struggle
struggle was between capitalists and the proletariat (workers)
proletariats numbers would become so great and their condition so poor that a spontaneous revolution would occur
revolution would end with communal ownership of wealth
Leninist
history was the story of class struggle
struggle between capitalists and the proletariat
proletariat and peasants were not capable of leasing a revolution and needed the guidance of professional revolutionaries
after the revolution, the state needed to be run by a single party with disciplined, centrally directed administrators in order to ensure its goals
art
expressionism
cubism
Impressionism & Post-Impressionism
surrealism
science
Einsteins theory of relativity
Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy
Sigmund Freuds psychology
World War 1
nationalist tensions in Balkans
started over small fight in the Balkans, but allies got pulled in on both sides, then allies of allies, and then the whole world was fighting
moroccan crisis
new technology
machine gun
tank
poison gas
submarine (perfected by germans)
trench warfare
End of the War
Treaty of Versailles
created 9 new nations
redrew lines of current countries
demilitarized Germany, blamed them for war
almost direct cause of world war 2 - Germany retaliated
Wilson's 14 points
tariffs should be removed so free trade could be again
no secret treaties between countries
arms race should end
any new boundaries should be drawn by nationality
created League of Nations
keep world peace
leaders protect each other
wanted to punish Germany
Kiel Mutiny
allies want peace
German warships ordered to start battle with British
November revolution starts (Russia)
sailors and soldiers refuse to do so because they think its a suicide mission
