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SPANISH CULTURE IN THE 16TH CENTURY, image, image, image, image, image,…
SPANISH CULTURE IN THE 16TH CENTURY
Spanish culture was greatly influenced by the Counter-Reformation
prevent Protestant beliefs from spreading across the Iberian Peninsula
Felipe II impeded access to its doctrines
Spaniards were not allowed to study in other countries.
Books printed outside the Peninsula were not allowed into the country.
Religion played a fundamental role in all works of art.
Literature
most famous religious authors were mystics who wrote about their spiritual experiences
Saint Teresa of Jesus
Saint John of the Cross
Novels contained realistic portrayals of daily life
tragicomedy of Calisto and Melibea
Garcilaso de la Vega was the most important poet
Art
used art to spread their ideas and values
most important works of art
depictions of religious themes
portraits
Spanish Renaissance were two styles
Classicist
strove for harmony and serenity
influenced by Italian art and Flemish painting
mythological themes and nudes were not portrayed
Mannerist
dominated in the second half of the century
expressive and had a dramatic quality
Counter-Reformation wished to evoke intense feelings in its followers
Architecture
the second third of the century
buildings were constructed in a Classicist or Purist style
faithfully reproduced the architectural characteristics of the Italian Renaissance
amount of decoration was reduced
classical elements were accentuated such as columns and pediments
Granada Cathedral by Diego de Siloé.
first third of the century, the Plateresque style dominated.
ornate facades
similar to the work that silversmiths produced at that time
facade of Salamanca University
Sculpture
important sculptures in the Classicist style are the Italians Leoni Leoni and his son Pompeo Leoni
important works are Carlos V's and Felipe II's cenotaphs
the faces of the sculptures became more expressive
tried to evoke intense feelings to reflect the dramatic situations
main works done in this style were of religious imagery
were painted wooden carvings and altarpieces
main artists
Alonso Berruguete
The Sacrifice of Isaac
Juan de Juni
The Entombment of Christ
Painting
most important paintings are by Juan de Juanes
idealism is similar to Raphael's works
Italian Titian
main portrait artist from the Venetian school
producing works such as Carlos V at the Battle of Mülberg
influence of Michael Angelo and Mannerism
reflected in the use of elongated figures
last third of the century
most important artist was El Greco
Greek artist who worked in Toledo
drama and spirituality reflected on the faces of his subjects
use of elongated figures
cool colours and dark tones