Fluids Unit Mindmap
Pressure
States of Matter
Density
Flow Rate and Viscosity
Density is the amount of mass in a given volume
You obtain density by dividing mass by volume
You can obtain mass by multiplying density by volume
You can obtain volume by dividing mass by density
You obtain Pressure by dividing force by area
You obtain Force by multiplying mass in kilograms by 10
Pressure is the amount of force in a given area
Mass can be measured in g, kg, etc.
Density is measured with mass and volume
You obtain Area by multiplying length by width, but the formula can change depending on what shape you calculate
Pressure is calculated in Pa or Pasqual's
Force is calculated in N or Newton's
Area is calculated in any type of meters square
Volume is measured in any meters cubed or any litres
SOLID
Fluids
GAS
LIQUID
Liquid particles are in-between
Gases particles are very far apart
Solid's particles are very close together
Changes of State
CONDENSATION
SUBLIMATION
EVAPORATION
DEPOSITION
FREEZING
MELTING
Melting is the change of state from solid to liquid
Freezing is the change of state from liquid to solid
Evaporation is the change of state from liquid to gas
Condensation is the change of state from gas to liquid
Sublimation is the change of state from solid to gas
Deposition is the change of state from gas
Flow rate is basically distance traveled by a fluid in a certain time
Viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to flow
Flow rate of a fluid is a measure of the speed at which a fluid flows from one point to another
Buoyancy
Particle Theory of matter
All particles are in constant motion
All matter is made of particles
Particles have space between them
All particles of the same substance are identical
Particles are attracted to each other
The hotter a substance/object the farther apart the particles leading to expansion, the colder the substance the closer together the particles leading to contraction
Buoyancy is when a object submerged in a fluid rises or sinks because of the density differences around them
Buoyancy can also be explained by Archimedes principle
Archimedes principle: the upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces.
THERMAL EXPANSION
When the volume of an object is increased because the temperature of the object increases
SLURRY
A slurry is a mixture of solids and liquids, the transport of solids in liquids
FRICTION
Friction is a force that works to slow down motion as a result of surfaces rubbing against each other
INCOMPRESSIBLE
COMPRESSIBILITY
COMPRESSION
Compression is a decrease in volume caused by force
Compressibility is the term for being able to be compressed
Incompressible is a term which means it can't be compressed easily. Materials in a liquid state are said to be incompressible
Temperature affects the speed at which particles move
Pascal's Law and Fluid Systems
A fluid system is a group of parts including at least one fluid that function and work together as one
A natural fluid system is the circulatory system and the respiratory system
Pascal's Law states that force applied to an enclosed fluid, the increase in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid
A hydraulic system is a system that uses a liquid under pressure to transmit a force and do work