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Immune System - Coggle Diagram

- - - - External barricades:
        
        Skin
        
        Mucous membranes
      - Internal defenses:
        
        Phagocytes
        
        Antimicrobial proteins
        
        Chemical signals
        
        Inflammation
        
        Attack cells
    - - Neutrophils – the most abundant type of white blood cells. They self-destruct after devouring a pathogen
        
        Macrophages – means "big eater". They are derived from monocyte white blood cells that have moved out of the bloodstream to occupy tissues. There are two types of these; free types: patrol tissues that can move and look for intruders, and fixed types: attached to fibers in specific organs, capturing with cytoplasmic extensions, and devouring anything suspicious that passes by. Unlike neutrophils, it can do this multiple times without self-destructing.
  - - - For example, a flu virus gets into your body and tries to find a host cell. However, if it gets intercepted by a B lymphocyte that has antibodies for it before it does that, it then binds to one of its thousands of protein receptors, after that, the B cell starts cloning itself.
        
        That produces an army of similar cells, all with the instructions for the same antibodies to fight that one particular antigen. Most of the newly cloned cells become effector cells, which mass-produce the same antibodies, spitting them out at a rate of 2000 antibodies per second for four or five days until they die, while the others become memory cells, preserving the genetic code for that preserve that specific antibody.
  - - - T cells
        
        Cause inflammation
        
        Activate macrophage
        
        Get other T cells fired up
        
        Regulate much of the immune response
    - - Macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells wear class 2 MHC proteins on their surface. Class 2 MHC proteins bind to fragments of exogenous antigens, being displayed to call the attention of other cells.
        
        And this is how MHC proteins are entirely essential to the cellular immune response.
    - - There are several kinds of T cells:
        
        Helper
        
        Cytotoxic
        
        Memory
        
        Suppressor
        
        Natural killer