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Interviews - Coggle Diagram
Interviews
Limitations
Self-Report data may not be valid: may give socially desirable answers to be seen in a favourable light.
Speed of data collection and analysis: interview individually and then analyse - can be time consuming and expensive for the researcher.
Interviewer Effects: May inadvertently influence the respondents answers by the way they ask the questions or through body language
Researcher Bias: Misinterpretation of data can occur in interviews and they interpret participants answers in a way that supports their hypothesis
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Structured Interviews: use standardised questions any unexpected response cannot be pursued for more detail - unlikely to gain more detailed information
Strengths
Easy to deal with misunderstandings: When conducting an interview, ambiguity or misunderstanding can be clarified and the researcher can make sure that participants understand the questions
Validity of Findings: May provide more details because of talking to someone, but its hard to see if they were being honest. If they reveal more it my cause psychological harm.
Qualitative Data: more likely to provide greater detail and depth and greater diversity of answers. avoids participant frustration being kept to one a choice of answers
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Flexibility (unstructured interviews): Explore more complex issues that may be difficult to replicate through experimental techniques.
Structured Interviews: Identical questions are read to participants and the interviewer writes down the answers
Unstructured Interviews: These are less controlled and involve an informal discussion. The particular topic is predetermined but the direction of the interview isn't.
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Standardised to reduce interviewer bias. Interviewer will take notes throughout and be recorded and analysed later.
One-to-one interviews: conducted in a quiet room as this makes it more likely that the participant will open up
Interpersonal issues should be taken into consideration when designing an interview - such as gender or age of interviewer - could affect the honesty of participants