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2010 Haiti Cholera Outbreak - Coggle Diagram
2010 Haiti Cholera Outbreak
Cholera:
Infectious communicable disease -
Spread of bacteria through poor sanitation, contaminated food and drinking water
Severe diarrhoea and vomiting - causes rapid dehydration and organ failure
Human factors affecting the spread of cholera:
Population density = 359/km2
Poor access to clean water for most people - lots of people use the river for water
Poverty
Lack of immunity as the disease had not been present for over a century
Lack of education around the disease
Environmental factors affecting the spread of cholera:
Rainy seasons allowed sewage to run into rivers and can cause contamination
Lack of toilets and sewage systems - 17% have access to sanitation
Artibonite River - breeding place for bacteria and where the outbreak began (10,000 + use this river for domestic use)
Global warming/climate change increases transmission as warming temperatures allow the growth of bacteria to thrive more
Malnutrition, reliance on NGO's for water
What strategies were used to minimise the impacts of the disease?
Nationally:
Local volunteers
Schemes to provide toilets and education
Government launched an oral vaccination campaign in two high attack regions (2013)
Internationally:
Red Cross + Oxfam + Doctors without borders
UN System Approach on Cholera in Haiti
Provided vaccinations
Assistance to most affected
Perimeter set up to investigate the source of outbreak
Education/awareness on prevention
Distribution of wash kits
Impact of the disease on the population of Haiti:
First occured in 2011 after the earthquake
9794 deaths and over 800,000 cases
To what extent was the cholera outbreak in Haiti a result of the earthquake?
Over 1,000,000 Haitians were displaced after the earthquake
Loss of homes meant there was a loss of stability and infrastructure
Less facilities and healthcare available meaning good hygiene levels declined
Support workers came from countries where cholera was endemic