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SWITCHING & ROUTING ESSENTIAL, CONNECT DEVICES, Path Determination…
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CONNECT DEVICES
- Verify Connectivity of Directly Connected Networks Verify Interface Settings
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Statically Assigned IP address – The host is manually assigned an IP address, subnet mask and default gateway. A DNS server IP address can also be assigned.
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Dynamically Assigned IP Address – IP Address information is dynamically assigned by a server using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
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- Verify Connectivity of Directly Connected Networks Command History Feature
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By default, command history is enabled and the system captures the last 10 commands in the buffer. Use the show history privileged EXEC command to display the buffer contents.
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- Network Documentation should include at least the following in a topology diagram and addressing table:
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- To enable network access devices must be configured with the following IP address information
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Default gateway - Identifies the router a packet is sent to to when the destination is not on the same local network subnet.
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Static routes and default static routes can be implemented after directly connected interfaces are added to the routing table:
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Configure a static route to a specific network using the ip route network mask {next-hop-ip | exit-intf} command.
A default static route is used when the routing table does not contain a path for a destination network.
Configure a default static route using the ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 {exit-intf | next-hop-ip} command.
Routing Table Sources
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Local route interfaces - Added to the routing table when an interface is configured. (displayed in IOS 15 or newer)
Directly connected interfaces - Added to the routing table when an interface is configured and active.
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The router is responsible for the routing between network.
- Router are Computers (components) :
✔Central processing unit (CPU)
✔Operating system (OS) - Routers use Cisco IOS
✔Memory and storage (RAM,ROM,NVRAM,Flash,hard drive)
- Router use specialized ports and network interface cards to interconnect to other networks.
- Routers Choose Best Paths
- Routers use static routes and dynamic routing protocols to learn about remote networks and build their routing tables
- Routers use routing tables to determine the best path to send packets.
- Routers encapsulate the packet and forward it to the interface indicated in routing table.
- Packet Forwarding Methods
-Process switching
-Fast switching
- Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)