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Body Systems - Coggle Diagram
Body Systems
Nervous System
Disease
Bell’s Palsy- Bell’s Palsy is a sudden weakness in the facial muscles on one half of the face which can be caused by a viral infection.
Epilepsy- This disease causes nerve cell activity in the brain to be disturbed. It is a genetic or acquired disorder.
Alzheimer’s Disease- Destroys memory and other important mental functions. This is caused by brain cells degenerating and dying.
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Major Structures
Brain- The brain controls everything in the nervous system, and it is located inside of the skull.
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Spinal Cord- The spinal cord is a column of nerve tissue that runs from the base of the skull down the center of the back.
The Nerves-The nerves are a whitish fiber or bundle of fibers that transmit impulses to the nervous system.
Function
Learning-The nervous system allows organisms to sense, organize, and react to information in the environment.
Memory- The brain is a part of the nervous system making controlling memory a huge part of the nervous system.
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Skeletal System
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Major Structures
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Skull-Supports the structures of the face, and protects the brain.
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Function
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Protects and Supports Organs- The bones in the skeletal system protect certain organs from becoming damaged by creating a barrier around them.
Produces Blood Cells- Some bones in the skeletal system have bone marrow which produces red blood cells.
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Digestive System
Disease
Irritable Bowel Syndrome- An intestinal disorder causing pain in the belly, gas, diarrhea, and constipation.
Gluten Sensitivity and Celiac Disease- Over time, the immune reaction to eating gluten creates inflammation that damages the small intestine's lining, leading to medical complications.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease- This is a chronic disease that occurs when stomach acid or bile flows into the food pipe and irritates the lining.
Hemorrhoids- Hemorrhoids are usually caused from straining during bowel movements, obesity, or pregnancy. They are swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum and anus that cause discomfort and bleeding.
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Major Structures
Small intestine- The small intestine carries out most of the digestive process, absorbing almost all of the nutrients you get from foods into your bloodstream.
Large intestine- the purpose of the large intestine is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and get rid of any waste products left over.
Esophagus- The epiglottis is a small flap that folds over your windpipe as you swallow to prevent you from choking.
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Function
Breakdown food into small molecules, then absorb them into the body-Glands in your stomach lining make stomach acid and enzymes that break down food. Muscles of your stomach mix the food with these digestive juices. Pancreas. Your pancreas makes a digestive juice that has enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Cardiovascular System
Major Structures
Blood Vessels-carry blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues and taking away tissue waste matter.
Blood- Using the network of arteries, veins and capillaries, blood carries carbon dioxide to the lungs and picks up oxygen.
The heart-Your heart works as a pump that pushes blood to the organs, tissues, and cells of your body.
Veins- any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart.
Disease
Coronary Artery Disease- The usual cause is the buildup of plaque. This causes coronary arteries to narrow, limiting blood flow to the heart.
Marfan Syndrome- Marfan syndrome affects the heart, eyes, blood vessels, and bones. People with Marfan syndrome are tall and thin with long arms, legs, fingers, and toes.
Heart Muscle Disease- An acquired or hereditary disease of heart muscle, this condition makes it hard for the heart to deliver blood to the body, and can lead to heart failure.
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Function
Provides cells with nutrients-From the small intestine, the blood gathers food nutrients and delivers them to every cell.
Protects the body against disease and infection- The heart, blood vessels, and blood help to transport vital nutrients throughout the body as well as remove metabolic waste.
Circulated oxygen and removes carbon dioxide-When blood circulates in the body, it enters the heart through the right atrium, passes through to the right ventricle, and flows out through the pulmonary artery to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide.
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Muscular System
Major Structure
Smooth Muscles- A muscle that is found in the walls of intestines and stomach that help push food through your body.
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Skeletal Muscles- A muscle that is attached to the skeleton to become part of the mechanical system.
Heart- a hollow muscular organ that pumps the blood through the circulatory system by rhythmic contraction and dilation. In vertebrates there may be up to four chambers, with two atria and two ventricles.
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Function
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Mobility- The muscles in your body help you do everything some examples are running, walking, and talking.
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Respiratory System
Major Structures
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The Diaphragm-the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its dome like shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.
The airway- A system that includes the mouth, nose, and sinuses that provides air to the lungs.
Nose-the part projecting above the mouth on the face of a person or animal, containing the nostrils and used for breathing and smelling.
Disease
Asthma-A condition in which a person's airways become inflamed, narrow and swell, and produce extra mucus, which makes it difficult to breathe.
Pneumonia- Infection that inflames air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid.
Lung Cancer- causes of lung cancer include smoking, secondhand smoke, exposure to certain toxins, and family history.
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Function
Helps Your Body Absorb Oxygen- From your lungs, your bloodstream delivers oxygen to all your organs and other tissues. Muscles and bones help move the air you inhale into and out of your lungs.
Cleans Waste Gases- At each cell in your body, oxygen is exchanged for a waste gas called carbon dioxide. Your bloodstream then carries this waste gas back to the lungs where it is removed from the bloodstream and then exhaled.
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Endocrine System
Major Structures
Thyroid- regulates your metabolism, which is your body's ability to break down food and convert it to energy.
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Function
Makes hormones that control your moods, growth and development, metabolism, organs, and reproduction.
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