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the protestant reformation - Coggle Diagram
the protestant reformation
The Reformation was a religious movement which began in the first half of the 16th century.
It instigated the division of the Christian Church and the founding of protestant churches.
CAUSES
The low clergy's lack of training
The church hierarchy did not give much importance to the training of its priests and therefore
The bad example set by the high clergy
The majority of those at the top of the hierarchy occupied positions for their own gain
The church's wealth
The high clergy lived a life of luxury. The church possessed extensive lands and taxed the humble population
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions
These positions provided an income and economic rights, and were therefore a way of getting rich
the sale of indulgences
When the church needed money it sold indulgences, through which it helped believers to be forgiven for their sins.
Martin Luther
he was scandalised by the amount of corruption in the Church
He published 95 Theses in 1517, criticising the sale of indulgences and other bad practices carried out by the ecclesiastical hierarchy
This marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
His main principles were
Free interpretation of the Bible
he initiated the translation of the holy book into various languages
Forgiveness and salvation do not depend on the good deeds a person does in life, but on faith and God's will
Rejection of the veneration of the Virgin Mary, saints and holy relics. Rejection of the sacraments, except for baptism and the Eucharist.
Opposition to the Church owning property and support for the nobles taking over the Church's possessions
the spread of the reformation
The movement also diversified and other reformers appeared with new doctrines
Ultricht Zwingli
a Swiss pastor who founded the Reformed Church in the city of Zurich. His doctrine rejected the authority of the Pope
John Calvin
a French theologian who spread a type of Protestantism from Geneva in Switzerland.