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Unreal Past, Mixed conditionals - Coggle Diagram
Unreal Past
is used
after conditional words and expressions like if, supposing, if only, what if; after the verb to wish, and after the expression, I'd rather.
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to indicate that what we are talking or writing about is something we wish for or is something hypothetical, imagined, a preference or to be polite.
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The verb to wish
Is used
with the unreal past when we want to talk about situations in the present that we are not happy about but cannot change.
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when we want to talk about situations in the past that we are not happy about or actions that we regret, we use the verb to wish followed by the past perfect.
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When we want to talk about situations, we are not happy about and where we want someone else to change them, we use to wish followed by would + infinitive.
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The expressions if, supposing, if only, what if
are used
to introduce hypothetical situations and followed by the simple past tense to indicate that the condition they introduce is imaginary.
Examples
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If you went to the movies, I would babysit.
If only I had more money, I could go to the movies too.
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Is used in
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Preferences
Examples
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I don’t want to go, I’d sooner (or prefer) I stayed here
In this example we can also use a flat infinitive for sooner – I’d sooner stay here or a to-infinitive with prefer – I’d prefer to stay here
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Wishes, hypothetical and imagined situations.
Examples
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If I was you, I would work harder – 2nd conditional. I’m not you so it’s unreal.
I wish I had a million Euros – I don’t have a million Euros, it’s an imaginary situation.
Past Conditional
If this condition, this result
Examples
If I had studied harder, I would have gotten a better grade
If she had run faster, she would have won the race/ She would have won the race if she had run faster
If he had paid more attention, he wouldn't have put his shirt backwards
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