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THE SPANISH HABSBURG DYNASTY, : : image, image, image, image, image …
THE SPANISH HABSBURG DYNASTY
The religious wars
In the 16th century
the Spanish Monarchy became the most powerful in Europe
Carlos V, or Carlos I of Spain, reigned from 1516 to 1556
His son Felipe II took over the throne from 1556 to 1598
Both monarchs belonged to the Habsburg dynasty
They attempted to exert absolute political authority over Europe
pursued similar political objectives
To retain their territorial patrimony through numerous wars against other kingdoms
riches obtained from the Americas were not sufficient to finance their foreign policies
they became indebted to Italian and German bankers
To defend Catholicism
preserve religious unity both in their territories and the whole of Europe.
domestic policy continued to be discriminatory.
Those who questioned Catholicism were repressed
resorted to using the concept of purity of blood to prevent the conversos
Outside Spain
they waged religiously motivated wars against the Protestant states
Both monarchs maintained and expanded the administrative system established by the Catholic Monarchs
Economy and society in the 16th century
economy prospered due to the riches obtained from the Americas
port of Sevilla monopolised trade with the colonies
the population increased and the cities grew
Felipe II organised a fleet system so the voyages between the Americas and Sevilla could be made in groups escorted by warships
arrival of precious metals on the Peninsula affected
enabled the kings to finance the numerous wars they were involved
the majority of this wealth ended up outside the Iberian Peninsula
arrival of metals enriched the nobility
They used the silver and gold to buy luxury products
the majority of the population became poorer
began to grow due to an increase in demand from the American territories.
the rise in prices made Spanish products more expensive
the monarchs were able to begin more expensive projects
when these resources ran out they resorted to increasing taxes
These were collected from the peasants and the bourgeoisie
The economy continued to be based on agriculture
the end of the 16th century, the Spanish economy decline
number of people who had to beg to survive increased
fall in production also affected trade
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