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chapter 27, Link Title - Coggle Diagram
chapter 27
Government
Cold war causes
Difference of opnions. U.S. thought that there should be one power that rules on a democratic process, and another side was that the great powers would hold control of land under them a SPHERE of influence
Stalin wanted to get more land and sought to get Poland, but there already was a polish government so FDR, Churchill and Stalin did nothing which sturred emotions up.
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New international organization was that the new U.N. would have an organized meeting with representatives from each big country. (They also have veto power)/
Germany was also broken up and a major power held a part of it and at a later date it would be reunited.
Truman's "get tough" policy. He would argue with Russia and hope to get 85% of what he was asking. He got some
The Chinese were friendly, but the corrupt nationalist government there didn't like the communists armies of Mao Zedong.
Communist forcers were growing and even Chinese Americans (known as the China Lobby) wanted a bigger American Military precence just in case.
Marshall and Truman didn't want to agree, and that decision would get backlash for many years.
American's were getting fed up with China and wanted Japan to be the "strong-western influence" in Asia.
The Atlantic Charter was basically ignored, and a new American policy, the Containment which would work to contain Soviet expansion instead of creating an open world.
Truman Doctorine
George F. Kennan said that in order to deal with the Solviet Union it was gonig to be a long term plan. Truaman uses this as the basis of his doctorine.
Truman also asks for 400$ million dollars to strengthen armed forces of Greece and Trukey and to provide economic assitance to Greece. This was approved by congress.
This document would establish a basis for American foreign policy that would survive for more than forty years.
Containment Policy
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George C. Marshall would announce a plan that would become the ECONOMIC COOPERATION ADMINISTRATION, wihc would administer the marshall Plan to provide economic assistance to all European nations.
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THE NATIONAL SECURITY ACT OF 1947 created a new Departemnt of Defense to oversee all branches of the armed serivces, combining functions previously performed separately by the Wrand Navy Departments.
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The CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY CIA would replace the wartiem Office of Strategic Services and would collect information through open door and covert methods.
Truman and allied countries were planning to own a part of Germany, but that would leave the other half to the Soviet Union. Truman didn't want this and gave that half supplies. Germany would then be two nations, THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC AND THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC.
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American foreign policy needed revising. So the Natoinal SEcurity Council report created the NSC-68, which outlined a shift in the AMerican Position.
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The GI BILL OF RIGHTS gave economic and educational asistance to veterans which added to the people spending after people had more money during peace time.
Truman's Fair Deal gave people a lot of economic benefits, but I think most important was when National Health Insurance was given.
Republicans had taken over congress, and they began undoing the new deal. This cuased inflaiton.
This new congress passed the LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS ACT of 1947, aka the TAFT-HARTLEY ACT. which made the closed shop (only hiring people of unions) illegal.
The AMERICANS FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION (ADA) was created to dump Truman. They wanted Dwight D. Eisenhower, to become preisident.
Shelly v. Kraemer (1948) which ruled that courts could not be used to enforce private "covenants" meant to bar African Americans from residential neighborhoods.
Korea was one nation, but there was a communist north and a pro-west south. This caused them to split the country across the 38th-parallel.
Truman creates the Office of Defense Mobilizatoin to fight inflations by holding down prices and discouraging high uion wage demands. These actions would fail. and became more aggressive towards strikers
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The UN-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES COMMITTE (HUAC) created to expose communist activity under Democratic Rule.
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Alger HIss was a member of the state department who was thought to send documents to the Soviet Union. They could try him because there were laws and Richard M. NIxon protected him.
Rosenberg case.
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, were thought of giving atomic bomb secrets to the Soviet Union.
McCarran Act allowed any suspicious people in governent who were thought to have communists ties were allowed to be fired on the spot.
Joseph McCarthy spoke out against communism and people really liked him. He said he had a list of all the communists.
Economy
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Employers removed women, blacks, Hispanics, Chinese and others so that white men could work.
Because women were kicked out, but they did good jobs at their old jobs they moved on to different fields.
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