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German Unification - Coggle Diagram
German Unification
Otto von Bismarck
Dates:
- Born: April 1, 1815
- Died: July 30, 1898
Positions Held:
- Prime Minister of Prussia
- Founder/first chancellor of the German Empire
Background:
- Attended a prestigious school in Berlin
- Went to university
- Began career in Prussian Civil Services, resigned after getting bored of job.
- View of Nationalism changed, became a Prussian ambassador, and then an ambassador in Paris to Napoleon II
- Returned to foreign policy, wanted to divert liberal interest
Origin:
- Born in Schönhausen, Kingdom of Prussia
- Father was a member of the Prussian landowning elite
- Mother came from an educated Bourgeoise family
Impact:
- Significant political figure, shaped modern Germany
Legacy:
- Started and won three wars, turned Germany into a strong European Power
- Victories led to German Unification
- German Empire only lasted 20 years after his death, remembered as a authoritarian leader with a sense of diplomacy and foreign policy
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Schleswig Wars
Causes:
- dispute between Denmark and Germany
- Schleswig and Holstein (Denmark's territoty)
- threat to international balance of powers, Danish and German nationalism
Dates:
- February 1, 1864
- October 30, 1864
Location:
- Jutland
- Schleswig (Denmark)
Outcome:
- The London Conference (April 25, 1865): Bismarck wanted to postpone until Prussia secured Denmark, conference dismissed without a conclusion
- Denmark rejected independence
- Northern zone voted for union with Denmark, Schleswig voted for union with Germany
Key People:
- Schleswig (Northern Denmark)
- Holstein (Southern Denmark)
- Germany under Prussian rule
-
Austro-Prussian War
Dates:
- Began in 1866
- Ended on August 23 1866
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Causes:
- Prussia challenged Austria for leadership of the German Confederation
- Dispute over Schleswig and Holstein administration
- First signs of hostilities between the two nations broke out in June
Outcome:
- Prussian Victory
- Treaty of Prague: assigned Schleswig - Holstein to Prussia
- Territories separated east and western Prussia
- Peace of Vienna: Venetia transferred to Italy
-Organization of North German Confederation
- Prussia gained rule of Austria
Key People:
- Otto Von Bismarck (wanted Germany under Prussian rule)
- Prussia
- Austria, Bavaria, Saxony, Hanover (German States)
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Franco-Prussian War
Causes:
- Spanish throne left vacant after Isabella II had been deposed
- Leopold influenced to accept throne
- France felt threatened, Napoleon declared war on Prussia on July 19, 1870
Dates:
- Started on July 19, 1870
- Ended on May 10 1871
Outcome:
- France defeated, Germany under Prussian rule victorious
- Ended French dominance in Europe
- Created a unified Germany
Location:
- Fought in France and Prussia
Key People:
- Otto Von Bismarck
- Napolean
- Germany/Prussia
- France
- Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
- Juan Prim
- King William I
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