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Weather Patterns - Coggle Diagram
Weather Patterns
Severe Weather
Thunderstorms
Thunderstorms are electrical storms that have warm temperatures and moisturizes. There are thunders because of the rapid updrafts and downdrafts within the storm. This creates ice crystals to rise and sink which will later create an electrical reaction. To form a thunderstorm there are 3 stages, Cumulus Stage, Mature Stage and Dissipation Stage.
Cumulus Stage - This stage is when the air updrafts and creates clouds. When the clouds form then downdrafts begins to appear. Its when the air goes vertically towards the ground.
Mature Stage - This stage is when heavy winds, rain and lightning appear inside the storm. It will be the roughest stage and will last about 30 minutes.
Dissipation Stage - This stage is when the thunderstorm starts to fade. Updrafts stop, winds die down, lightning ceases and there is no longer strong precipitation.
Tornadoes
A tornado is a violent, whirling column of air in contact with the ground. They are very big and can reach to a speed of 400km/h. It can catch anything and throw it around. Normal tornadoes last minutes but violent ones last for several hours. However, tornadoes are formed by thunderstorms. When thunderstorms updraft, a tornado forms and starts to rotate violently. When it reaches the ground, it will start to destroy many things; however, tornadoes air is invisible but can turn visible because of the debris collected.
Tornado Alley - Tornado Alley is a place located in the United States where many tornadoes form. This is because united states is the top place where tornadoes form on Earth. This is because of the cold airs from Canada converging with the warm airs from Mexico.
Classifying Tornadoes - The Fujita scale is the intensity scale monitored of a tornado. Dr. Ted Fujita developed this method from a scale of F0 to F5. F0 is light damage, F1-F4 is moderate damage, and F5 is incredible damage.
Hurricanes
Hurricanes are intense tropical storms with winds exceeding 119 km/h. They are the most dangerous storms because they are the strongest and biggest. They form in warm tropical water and loses its energy in cold water. They are the most dangerous because they form in water and flood cities. When they reach land, they bring massive waves and heavy rainfall over a place which can cause flooding. As I said before, they lose power when they reach cold waters or land.
Winter Storms
Winter storms are very dangerous for humans because they are extreme weather conditions in which the land freezes and turns into complete ice. Many car crashes can occur. Also, many blizzards can occur. They are violent winter storms characterized by freezing temperatures, strong winds and blowing snow. Exposed human skin can lead to frostbite or hypothermia which can kill you.
Severe Weather Safety
The U.S. National Weather Service helps many people be warned of incoming severe weather. They provide useful tips and ways to be protected from these severe weathers.
Pressure Systems
Weather is often related to pressure systems. When there is cool air, there is a higher pressure system because there is more air pressure then in warm air. Apparently, there are two types of pressure systems. There is High-pressure system and a Low-pressure system.
Low-Pressure System
Low-Pressure system is a large body of circulating air with low pressure at its center and higher pressure outside of the system. Because the air has a low air pressure, the air will rise and cool creating clouds and sometimes percipitation.
High-Pressure System
High-Pressure system is when there is a large body of circulating air with high pressure at its center and lower pressure outside of the system. This will later make the air move away from the center which will later make dense air sink. Clear skies and fair weather is very common when there is a high-pressure system.
Air Masses
Air masses are large bodies of air that have uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure. It often forms because of high-pressure systems which will make the air mass carry on the certain temperature and moisture characteristics of the surface below it. Air masses are also extremely big.
Air Mass Classification
Air mass is also classified into certain groups depending on the temperature and moisture characteristics. There are 5 types of Air masses; Continental air masses, Maritime air masses, Tropical air masses, polar air masses and Artic air masses.
Tropical Air Masses:
Tropical air masses are air masses that form in the equatorial regions. Air masses like the Continental Tropical Air Masses and the Maritime Tropical Air Masses are tropical because they bring hot air with them.
Polar Air Masses:
Polar Air masses are air masses formed in cold regions. Air masses like the Continental Polar Air Masses and the Maritime Polar Air Masses are often recalled as Polar because they bring cold temperatures with the,.
Maritime Air Masses:
Maritime air masses are air masses that form over water. They are two types of Maritime Air masses; Maritime tropical air masses and maritime polar air masses.
Maritime polar air masses are cold and humid air masses that often bring cloudy and rainy weather. They form over the northern Atlantic and Pacific ocean.
Maritime Tropical Air masses are moist air masses that bring hot and humid air to the southeastern United States during summer, and bring heavy snowfall in the winter. They are often formed over the western Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the eastern Pacific Ocean.
Arctic Air Masses:
Arctic air masses are very unique because they are the coldest air masses. They form in the coldest places on earth like Siberia and the Arctic. They bring cold and dry air. Fun fact: they are so cold that during winter, they can bring and transform temperatures down to -40 degrees Celsius.
Continental Air Masses:
Continental air masses are air masses that form over land. There are two big Continental air masses; Continental polar air masses and continental tropical air masses.
Continental polar air masses are dry cold air masses that bring cold temperatures in winter and cool weather in summer. They are cold and dry because they don't have so much moisture as air masses that form over the ocean.
Continental tropical air masses are dry and hot air masses that form on top of tropics like desert land and are often formed in the summer. They bring clear skies and high temperatures.
Fonts
Front is a common word for a boundary, A weather front is a boundary between two air masses. There can be drastic weather changes when two air masses collide. Changes in temperature, humidity, cloud types, wind and precipitation are very common in fronts.
Cold Fronts
Cold fronts is when cold and warm air masses move toward each other. The cold air is denser then the warmer air; this will make it go underneath the warm air which will later make the warm air go upwards. This warm air will cold down and form clouds. Later on, precipitation occurs and many cold weather changes happen. This can higher chance of thunderstorms and other severe storms.
Warm Fronts
Warm air fronts is when warm air collides with cold air. Because warm air is less dense, it will rise and glide beneath the cold air. Then it will create multiple clouds which will later on make steady precipitation for a while. Warm air fronts can also change wind directions.
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