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LASER IN MEDICINE, Laser Beam Parameter Wavelength, power and energy,…
LASER IN MEDICINE
My Opinion and Feeling
My opinion this 'Examination Paper'
relate to facts and cannot answer it by logic.
I feel a bit exhausted to answer the questions. But i think it good because it improve my knowledge about laser in medicine. There something i
never try to read but now i read about it.
So it is a good thing.
Laser Tissue Interaction
:check:Fundamental parameter such as wavelength and power density determine its effect on tissue
Laser Parameter
1-Laser Beam Parameter
2-Fundamental Parameter
3-Final System Parameter
4-Energy and Power
5-Laser Internsity
Laser Tissue Interaction
Laser treatments are defined by the laser beam parameters, the target surface area, the light contact pattern and the speed at which the beam moves across the tissue.
LASIK
Stands for laser in-situ keratomileusis, is a popular surgery that can correct vision in people who are nearsighted or farsighted, or who have astigmatism.
Laser Beam Parameter
Wavelength, power and energy, pulse duration, Repetition rate, Polarization
Fundamental Parameter
Beam diameter, energy and power density, divergence
Final System Parameter
Spot size, working distance
Dental Laser
Lasers are used to remove decay within a tooth and prepare the surrounding enamel for receipt of the filling.\
Pros
-May cause less pain in some instances, so reduces the need for anesthesia
-Minimize bleeding and swelling during soft tissue treatments
-May reduce anxiety in patients uncomfortable with the use of the dental drill
Characteristics of Laser
Monochromatics
Coherence
Directionality
Laser light
is absorbed, transmitted, reflected, and scattered by the tissue, the relative proportions of these phenomena depend on the optical characteristics of the tissue.
Absorption
produces significant tissue effects. Absorption can result in photochemical, photothermal, and photomechanical interactions between the beam and the tissue.
Reflection*
wastes laser energy and makes it unsuitable for medical applications.
Absorption
at the surface is influenced by various
chromophore
(Tissue elements that absorb a particular wavelength or spectrum of light energy to a high degree).
Transmission
helps the beam to penetrate the surface tissue to reach layers underneath. For example, choosing visible light instead of UV helps light penetrate the cornea, lens, and image the retinal layer.
Scattering
opposes precise delivery of the laser energy to a spot.
Photochemical
Certain wavelengths of laser light are absorbed by naturally occurring chromophores or wavelength- specific light absorbing substances that are able to induce certain biochemical reactions at cellular level. Derivatives of naturally occurring chromophores or dyes have been used as photosensitizers to induce biological reactions within tissues for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Photochemical interactions include photobiostimulation, photodynamic therapy, and tissue fluorescence..
Photothermal
Light energy absorbed by the tissues is transformed into heat energy which then produces tissue effects
Photo Discuption
Form of minimally invasive surgery used in ophthalmology, utilizing infrared Nd:YAG lasers to form plasma, which then causes acoustic shock waves which then in turn affects tissue
-Absorbing Chromophore-
Nearsightedness (myopia).
You see things clearly when they’re close to you, but things farther away are blurry.
Farsightedness (hyperopia).
You see faraway things more clearly, but closer things are blurry.
Astigmatism.
This can make everything blurry because of how your eye is shaped.
Risks
of LASIK surgery include: Dry eyes. LASIK surgery causes a temporary decrease in tear production.
Limitation
such as Corneal Thickness, Corneal Curvature and Large Pupils.
